Disparities in Healthcare 

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Part 1 

Disparities in Healthcare 

This is an individual activity and tests the students’ ability to consume, synthesize, and apply all they learned during the course in order to address specific disparities existing among several countries’ healthcare systems. These reports are in professional written report format, not PowerPoint.

  • Each student picks a geographic region with at least three countries (not in North America) and investigates health care in the context of:

o   Poverty

o   Public and professional education

o   Distribution of providers by specialties and educational levels

o   Allocation of resources (including locations of medical facilities and providers)

o   Overall management of the health care by government as well as other political, social, and economic factors.

It will be important to investigate and document links between poverty, education, and accessibility to the quality of health care and delivery.

Each student will write a report combining statistics and information from various reputable international sources with their own insights into an analysis of current strengths and weaknesses for each country. Each student will integrate the reports to create potentially workable solutions to the shortcomings and problems that are discovered.

The students must utilize primary sources, consulting the literature and works of known and well reputed organizations such World Health Organization (WHO) and/or National Institutes of Health in their research. The students must also follow scholarly methods of conducting research, organizing data, and citing references.

Minimum number of pages for this assignment is 5 detailed pages (double-spaced).  Five detailed pages do not include title and reference pages.  Please use APA formatting; you do not need to provide an abstract.  Abstract is not included in the 5 detailed pages either.

Part 2

Choose 2 out of the 3 questions and provide fact-based answers:

Chapter 12

1. How is health care cost defined and measured?

2. How is health care accessibility defined and measured?

3. How is health care quality defined and measured?

Expectation is that you write about 3-4 pages addressing these questions and post them prior to the deadline. Writing is expected to be in APA format.  The 3-4 pages do not include title page and reference page.

electronic health records

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Financial challenges associated with changes to how healthcare organizations are reimbursed for healthcare services, the cost of implementing new technology and professionals to comply with federal requirements for electronic health records, and the increasing numbers of individuals who cannot pay for their healthcare represent only one issue for healthcare executives in the healthcare delivery system. But it has significant consequences for the viability and solvency of healthcare organizations. Healthcare executives don’t have a crystal ball; however, they do engage in forecasting the future based on what is currently known and examination of trends (Lee, 2015). To do this type of forecasting, healthcare executives are demonstrating techniques found in anticipatory management. According to their seminal research, Ashley and Morrison (1997) reported there are severe consequences for not anticipating future trends in a rapidly changing and complex society. The anticipatory management process they describe begins with scanning the environment to identify issues; creating issues briefs to inform stakeholders; prioritizing issues; assembling the team of experts; creating, implementing, and evaluating action plans and outcomes; and adjusting the course when necessary.

Last week, you compared healthcare delivery and costs in the United States with those in developed countries. This week, you will focus U.S. healthcare executives and how they prioritize the challenges confronting them to minimize the impact to their organizations.

Disparities in Healthcare 

/in /by

Part 1 

Disparities in Healthcare 

This is an individual activity and tests the students’ ability to consume, synthesize, and apply all they learned during the course in order to address specific disparities existing among several countries’ healthcare systems. These reports are in professional written report format, not PowerPoint.

  • Each student picks a geographic region with at least three countries (not in North America) and investigates health care in the context of:

o   Poverty

o   Public and professional education

o   Distribution of providers by specialties and educational levels

o   Allocation of resources (including locations of medical facilities and providers)

o   Overall management of the health care by government as well as other political, social, and economic factors.

It will be important to investigate and document links between poverty, education, and accessibility to the quality of health care and delivery.

Each student will write a report combining statistics and information from various reputable international sources with their own insights into an analysis of current strengths and weaknesses for each country. Each student will integrate the reports to create potentially workable solutions to the shortcomings and problems that are discovered.

The students must utilize primary sources, consulting the literature and works of known and well reputed organizations such World Health Organization (WHO) and/or National Institutes of Health in their research. The students must also follow scholarly methods of conducting research, organizing data, and citing references.

Minimum number of pages for this assignment is 5 detailed pages (double-spaced).  Five detailed pages do not include title and reference pages.  Please use APA formatting; you do not need to provide an abstract.  Abstract is not included in the 5 detailed pages either.

Part 2

Choose 2 out of the 3 questions and provide fact-based answers:

Chapter 12

1. How is health care cost defined and measured?

2. How is health care accessibility defined and measured?

3. How is health care quality defined and measured?

Expectation is that you write about 3-4 pages addressing these questions and post them prior to the deadline. Writing is expected to be in APA format.  The 3-4 pages do not include title page and reference page.

identify one recent article which addresses the contracting cost structure in your service area.

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One-page, please cite/reference.

 

Select an article for Los Angeles, California.

 

Identify one recent article which addresses the contracting cost structure in your service area.

Based on the article that you have researched, identify the type of reimbursement model being used within the health care institution. Explain how you think this type of reimbursement has impacted the cost structure within the organization. If you do not currently work in a health care institution please research and select an organization to complete this assignment. Be sure to provide references.

Assignment: Prioritize the Operational Challenges, Trends, and Issues for U.S. Healthcare Executives

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Week 2—Assignment: Prioritize the Operational Challenges, Trends, and Issues for U.S. Healthcare Executives

Instructions

Financial challenges associated with changes to how healthcare organizations are reimbursed

for healthcare services, the cost of implementing new technology and professionals to

comply with federal requirements for electronic health records, and the increasing numbers

of individuals who cannot pay for their healthcare represent only one issue for healthcare

executives in the healthcare delivery system. But it has significant consequences for the

viability and solvency of healthcare organizations. Healthcare executives don’t have a crystal

ball; however, they do engage in forecasting the future based on what is currently known and

examination of trends (Lee, 2015). To do this type of forecasting, healthcare executives are

demonstrating techniques found in anticipatory management. According to their seminal

research, Ashley and Morrison (1997) reported there are severe consequences for not

anticipating future trends in a rapidly changing and complex society. The anticipatory

management process they describe begins with scanning the environment to identify issues;

creating issues briefs to inform stakeholders; prioritizing issues; assembling the team of

experts; creating, implementing, and evaluating action plans and outcomes; and adjusting the

course when necessary.

Last week, you compared healthcare delivery and costs in the United States with those in

developed countries. This week, you will focus U.S. healthcare executives and how they

prioritize the challenges confronting them to minimize the impact to their organizations.

As you prepare your assignment, consider these questions:

What challenges you have experienced in the healthcare workplace or when you have

accessed your own healthcare provider?

Have you observed changes to how your personal health information is gathered and

documented?

What technology is now being used which may be new to your workplace? Were you required to take additional training in your current healthcare position due

 

 

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to the implementation of new technology?

Have you experienced a shortage of healthcare personnel in your workplace or at your

healthcare provider’s office?

What effect have these situations had on you as the employee and patient?

After your examination of current literature on the trends, issues, and challenges for

healthcare executives and their organization’s review Ashley and Morrison’s seminal article

(1997) on anticipatory management and utilize the sample chart shown for this assignment.

You may recreate this four-column table in a Word document and insert your issues/trends,

identify which organizational area is/will be impacted by each issue/trend, and provide your

rationale for the priority level you assigned each issue/trend. Be sure to use a title page for

this assignment and a reference page in APA format. You will add rows to your table as

needed to include all identified issues and trends.

Table 1. Sample Chart

Priority Issue/trend (write these as statements)

Organizational Area of Impact (indicate which department/division effected by the issue/trend (write these as department names)

Rationale for Priority Level (write these as verb phrases)

 

 

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Submissions

Priority Issue/trend (write these as statements)

Organizational Area of Impact (indicate which department/division effected by the issue/trend (write these as department names)

Rationale for Priority Level (write these as verb phrases)

1. Ex.: Financial challenges— Medicare reimbursements —Value-based Payment Program

Ex.: Business Office— Finance; Accounting; Budget Office, Facilities Management, Purchasing, Human Resources, Patient Services

A decline and/or delay in revenue limits types of services provided, reduces purchasing power, delays vendor payments, halts capital improvements, freezes filling vacant nursing positions

2.

3.

4.

Length: The length of this document will vary based on your findings; include the table and a

summary of your findings using a minimum of 5 pages not including the title page and

reference page.

References: A minimum of 5 scholarly resources

Upload your document and click the Submit to Dropbox button.

Describe different quality methods within healthcare.

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Competency

  • Describe different quality methods within healthcare.
  • Explain the basic models of quality improvement in healthcare.
  • Evaluate the role and importance of patient satisfaction.
  • Evaluate the role and importance of the patient experience.
  • Apply statistics to different quality methods in healthcare.
  • Apply quality improvement methods.

Course Scenario

Chaparral Regional Hospital is a small, urban hospital of approximately 60 beds, and offers the following:

  • Emergency room services
  • Intensive care
  • Surgical care
  • Obstetrics
  • Diagnostic services
  • Some rehabilitation therapies
  • Inpatient pharmacy services
  • Geriatric services
  • Consumer physician referral services

Recently, the CEO has been hearing complaints from both patients and staff, varying from long wait times to rude physicians. You have been hired to design and implement a Quality Improvement Plan to help uncover quality problems and to satisfactorily resolve them.

Scenario Continued

You have been asked to present a narrated visual report for the CEO and Board of Directors on a video conference call to share your major findings and to discuss recommendations.

Competencies:

  • Describe different quality methods within healthcare.
  • Explain the basic models of quality improvement in healthcare.
  • Evaluate the role and importance of patient satisfaction.
  • Evaluate the role and importance of the patient experience.
  • Apply statistics to different quality methods in healthcare.
  • Apply quality improvement methods.

Instructions

Your narrated visual report should include the following:

  • Types of measurements that will be used.
  • Overall design of the survey.
  • Identifies who will lead the QI task force.
  • Identifies who should be on the task force.
  • Suggestions for implementing the results of the survey.

Your narrated visual report should be done using Microsoft PowerPoint, or any other presentation software of your choosing that also allows for narration to be added.

APA formatting for the References slide, and proper grammar, punctuation, and form are required.

Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide 

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Milstead, J. A., & Short, N. M. (2019). Health policy and politics: A nurse’s guide (6th ed.). Jones & Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 7, “Health Policy and Social Program Evaluation” (pp. 116–124 only)

Glasgow, R. E., Lichtenstein, E., & Marcus, A. C. (2003). Why don’t we see more translation of health promotion research to practice? Rethinking the efficacy-to-effectiveness transition. American Journal of Public Health, 93(8), 1261–1267.

Shiramizu, B., Shambaugh, V., Petrovich, H., Seto, T. B., Ho, T., Mokuau, N., & Hedges, J. R. (2016). Leading by success: Impact of a clinical and translational research infrastructure program to address health inequities. Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, 4(5), 983–991.

Williams, J. K., & Anderson, C. M. (2018). Omics research ethics considerations. Nursing Outlook, 66(4), 386–393.

Document: Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Template (Word document)

To Prepare:

  • Review the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template provided in the Resources.
  • Select an existing healthcare program or policy evaluation or choose one of interest to you.
  • Review community, state, or federal policy evaluation and reflect on the criteria used to measure the effectiveness of the program or policy described.

The Assignment: (2–3 pages)

Based on the program or policy evaluation you selected, complete the Healthcare Program/Policy Evaluation Analysis Template. Be sure to address the following:

  • Describe the healthcare program or policy outcomes.
  • How was the success of the program or policy measured?
  • How many people were reached by the program or policy selected?
  • How much of an impact was realized with the program or policy selected?
  • At what point in program implementation was the program or policy evaluation conducted?
  • What data was used to conduct the program or policy evaluation?
  • What specific information on unintended consequences was identified?
  • What stakeholders were identified in the evaluation of the program or policy? Who would benefit most from the results and reporting of the program or policy evaluation? Be specific and provide examples.
  • Did the program or policy meet the original intent and objectives? Why or why not?
  • Would you recommend implementing this program or policy in your place of work? Why or why not?
  • Identify at least two ways that you, as a nurse advocate, could become involved in evaluating a program or policy after 1 year of implementation.

By Day 7 of Week 10

Submit your completed healthcare program/policy evaluation analysis.

RUA Interdisciplinary Management of Healthcare Technology Guidelines

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NR341 Complex Adult Health

RUA Interdisciplinary Management of Healthcare Technology Guidelines

 

Purpose

 

This purpose of this assignment is for the student to present a complete picture of interdisciplinary care using specific therapeutic modalities in the care of a complex adult health client. The student will demonstrate clinical reasoning skills and will discuss interdisciplinary care that had been incorporated and/or anticipated using a healthcare technology or therapeutic modality for the care of the complex health client.

Course outcomes: This assignment enables the student to meet the following course outcomes:

 

1. Provide patient and family centered nursing care to adults with complex health needs using theories and principles of nursing and related disciplines. (PO 1)

 

2. Initiate the use of appropriate resources in direct care responsibilities within complex adult health situations. (PO 2)

 

3. Demonstrate effective therapeutic communication and relationship skills in family centered nursing care to adults with complex health needs. (PO 3)

 

4. Demonstrate effective clinical decision making based on critical thinking skills and legal, ethical, and professional standards and principles when caring for patients and families with complex adult health needs. (POs 4 and 6)

 

5. Implement a plan of care for continued personal, professional, and educational development related to nursing practice with complex adult health situations. (PO 5)

 

7. Use evidence including research findings from nursing and related disciplines to answer clinical questions related to nursing care of patients with complex adult health needs. (PO 8)

 

Due date: Your faculty member will inform you when this assignment is due. The Late Assignment Policy applies to this assignment.

Total points possible: 100 points

Preparing the assignment

 

Follow these guidelines when completing this assignment. Speak with your faculty member if you have questions.

1) Choose a therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

2) Examples of a therapeutic modality include Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation, Automatic rotating pronation beds, right and/or left ventricular assist devices, nontraditional ventilator modes.

3) Examples of healthcare technology can include regional O2 saturation monitoring (NIRS).

4) Refer to your faculty member if your selection requires prior approval.

5) Write a 4-5 page paper (not including the title page or reference page) using APA format.

6) For APA, formatting, or grammar assistance visit the APA Citation and Writing page in the online library.

7) Include the following sections (detailed criteria listed below and in the Grading Rubric):

a. Introduction – 5 points/5%

· The chosen therapeutic modality or healthcare technology meets one of the following criteria:

· Has been introduced recently at the bedside for care of the complex adult patient.

· Is a non-traditional modality for very ill patients in special circumstances.

· Is being used in a new way to treat a patient with complex needs.

· Requires specific training above and beyond general entry-level nursing education.

· Introduce the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

 

( NR341 -OL RUA Interdisciplinary Guidelines V 1 ) ( 1 )

NR341 Complex Adult Health

RUA Interdisciplinary Management of Healthcare Technology Guidelines

· Name the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

· A brief fictional case is used to illustrate the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

b. Explanation and Background– 15 points/15%

· Include a clear description of the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

· Discuss how the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology works.

· Describe the patient population it is used for.

· Include medication, safety, and cost considerations as applicable.

c. Risks and Benefits– 15 points/15%

· Describe how the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology can benefit the patient.

· Discuss ways to promote positive outcomes.

· Explain the complications that may arise.

· Discuss considerations for preventing complications.

d. Interdisciplinary team’s Roles and Responsibilities– 20 points/20%

· Identify all interdisciplinary team members caring for the patient, such as respiratory therapy, assistive personnel, providers, case managers, clinical nurse specialists, and researchers.

· Describe the roles and responsibilities of each member of the healthcare team that is involved in the use of the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

· Discuss the roles and responsibilities of the nurse as a member of the interdisciplinary team caring for the patient.

e. Nursing Scope of Practice – 15 points/15%

· Discuss the knowledge needed for the Registered Nurse to provide care for the patient using the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

· Describe skills needed for the Registered Nurse to provide care for the patient using therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

· Discuss attitudes needed for the Registered Nurse to provide care for the patient using therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

f. Patient Education – 20 points/20%

· Describe the information to be taught to the patient and/or family.

· Discuss how information will be taught.

· Explain how the effectiveness of the teaching will be evaluated.

g. Conclusion – 5 points/5%

· Provide a summary of the paper.

· No new information is introduced.

· Include additional resources for further learning.

h. APA Style and Organization – 5 points/5%

· References are submitted with paper.

· Uses current APA format and is free of errors.

· Grammar and mechanics are free of errors.

· At least three (3), nursing, scholarly, peer reviewed, primary sources from the last 5 years, excluding the textbook, are provided.

 

 

Please note that your instructor may provide you with additional assessments in any form to determine that you fully understand the concepts learned.

 

( NR341-OL RUA Interdisciplinary Guidelines V1 ) ( 2 )

 

Grading Rubric

Criteria are met when the student’s application of knowledge within the paper demonstrates achievement of the outcomes for this assignment.

Assignment Section and Required Criteria

(Points possible/% of total points available)

Highest Level of PerformanceHigh Level of PerformanceSatisfactory Level of PerformanceUnsatisfactory Level of PerformanceSection not present in paper
Introduction

(5 points/5%)

5 points4 points3 points2 points0 points
Required criteria

1. The chosen therapeutic modality or healthcare technology meets one of the following criteria:

· Has been introduced recently at the bedside for care of the complex adult patient.

· Is a non-traditional modality for very ill patients in special circumstances.

· Is being used in a new way to treat a patient with complex needs.

· Requires specific training above and beyond general entry-level nursing education.

2. Introduce the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

3. Name the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

4. A brief fictional case is used to illustrate the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no less than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements for this section presented.
Explanation and Background

(15 points/15%)

15 points13 points11 points6 points0 points
Required criteria

1. Include a clear description of the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

2. Discuss how the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology works.

3. Describe the patient population it is used for.

4. Include medication, safety, and cost considerations as applicable.

Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements for this section presented.

( NR341 Complex Adult Health RUA Interdisciplinary Management of Healthcare Technology Guidelines )

 

( NR341-OL RUA Interdisciplinary Guidelines V1 ) ( 3 )

 

Risks and Benefits

(15 points/15%)

15 points13 points11 points6 points0 points
Required criteria

1. Describe how the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology can benefit the patient.

2. Discuss ways to promote positive outcomes.

3. Explain the complications that may arise.

4. Discuss considerations for preventing complications.

Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no less than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements for this section presented.
Interdisciplinary Team’s Roles and Responsibilities (20 points/20%) 

20 points

 

18 points

 

16 points

 

8 points

 

0 points

Required criteria

1. Identify all interdisciplinary team members caring for the patient, such as respiratory therapy, assistive personnel, providers, case managers, clinical nurse specialists, and researchers.

2. Describe the roles and responsibilities of each member of the healthcare team that is involved in the use of the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

3. Discuss the roles and responsibilities of the nurse as a member of the interdisciplinary team caring for the patient.

4. Discuss one challenge in working with an interdisciplinary team.

Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no less than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements for this section presented.
Nursing Scope of Practice

(15 points/15%)

15 points13 points6 points0 points
Required criteria

1. Discuss the knowledge needed for the Registered Nurse to provide care for the patient using the therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

2. Describe skills needed for the Registered Nurse to provide care for the patient using therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.

3. Discuss attitudes needed for the Registered Nurse to

Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements for this section presented.

 

 

 

provide care for the patient using therapeutic modality or healthcare technology.    
Patient Education

(20 points/20%)

20 points18 points16 points8 points0 points
Required criteria

1. Describe the information to be taught to the patient and/or family.

2. Discuss how information will be taught.

3. Discuss potential cultural considerations to teaching

4. Explain how the effectiveness of the teaching will be evaluated.

Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no less than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements were met for this section.
Conclusion

(5 points/5%)

5 points3 points2 points0 points
Required criteria

1. Provide a summary of the paper.

2. No new information is introduced.

3. Include additional resources for further learning.

Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements for this section presented.
APA Style and Organization

(5 points/5%)

5 points4 points3 points2 points0 points
Required criteria

1. References are submitted with paper.

2. Uses current APA format and is free of errors.

3. Grammar and mechanics are free of errors.

4. At least three (3), nursing, scholarly, peer reviewed, primary sources from the last 5 years, excluding the textbook, are provided.

Includes no fewer than 4 requirements for section.Includes no fewer than 3 requirements for section.Includes no less than 2 requirements for section.Includes no less than 1 requirement for section.No requirements for this section presented.
Total Points Possible = 100 points

 

 

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Medicare is the most rapidly growing component of the federal budget. Federal funding for Medicare comes from payroll taxes and income taxes, paid by individuals who are employed.

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Medicare is the most rapidly growing component of the federal budget. Federal funding for Medicare comes from payroll taxes and income taxes, paid by individuals who are employed. Most Medicare beneficiaries are retired and/or earning minimal income. Further, only ¼ of the lifetime expenditures for Medicare beneficiaries are covered by the taxes they have paid into the system while working.

In combination, this means the Medicare is the program that is most responsible for wealth transfer from working adults to another generation. Even if Medicare seems unimportant to you now from the standpoint of your health care needs, it is critically important from the financial standpoint.

During your lifetime, you will vote for candidates proposing changes in the Medicare program, ranging from changes in the funding mechanism to “Medicare for All”.

1.) Write a three page paper on either of the following topics,

a.) Summarize projections for Medicare spending

10 Essential Facts About Medicare’s Financial Outlook

b.) Summarize proposals for “Medicare for All” programs https://www.kff.org/interactive/compare-medicare-for-all-public-plan-proposals/

Watch three videos first!

Video: Medicare part A and B explained.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5L6QL2_TrY.

(First 2:30 of video only

Video: Understanding Healthcare Costs: Medicare Advantage.

Video: Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Plan basics.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RqfAIftIQ3Y

(First 1:45 only

Differentiate between the demands of legal policies, ethical issues with relevance to the needs of the provider and patient.

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Review the Assignments for this course, accessed by clicking on the Assignment tab at the top of your screen, and then select each Unit# – Assignment, reviewing the description, type, and deliverables. What questions do you have about these assignments in Units 1–4? What questions do you have about the overarching Unit 5 assignment? Although it is not due until the end of the class, it is important that you begin planning for this project early in the course. What are your initial thoughts about how you will approach this assignment? Explain.

 

  • Differentiate between the demands of legal policies, ethical issues with relevance to the needs of the provider and patient.
  • Assess opposing views of current polices and the implications from both sides.
  • Compose a document to employees addressing recent legal and ethical issues which may require changes in how an organization operates.
  • Explain the value of various policies and procedures at the federal, state and local levels as they relate to the provision of healthcare and patient rights.
  • Plan an implementation process supporting recent policy changes.