Impact of Slavery on American Society: Insights from Give Me Liberty

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

“Give Me Liberty,” an acclaimed American history book, remains a powerful book through its integrated, concise, and authoritative discussion of significant issues such as slavery. A text proclaimed by Foner Eric addresses the divided, motivated and stirred impact of slavery in the United States of America (Foner, 106). Slavery’s peculiar institution in the U.S resulted in the creation of crusades challenging it, ranging from the American Colonization Society and Militant Abolitionism movement. Consecutively, it led to feminism origins with the rise of public women from Quakers, evangelical Protestants and New England Congregationalist witnessed. Also, slavery treatment in the U.S was inhumane, resulting in the American Enlightenment and the Great Awakening. Therefore, while mainly focusing on the “Give Me Liberty” text as one of the American historical texts, it analyzes through Chapters 4 and 11 and other primary sources the impact slavery had in the United States.

In the United States, Slavery led to the creation of crusades; among them is the American Colonization Society and Militant Abolitionism movements, which challenged the latter. Various slaves facilitated campaigns against slavery in the U.S, Quakers and free blacks in the premise (Foner, 110). The United States thus experienced the rise of new crusade movements such as the American Colonization Society. Precisely, in 1816, the American Colonized Society was founded, encouraging free blacks from Western Nations such as Liberia to be colonized (Foner, 109). The latter forced the United States of America’s various political personnel and leaders from the U.S to act. Among the political leaders in the scenario were Henry Clay, Andrew Jackson, Daniel Webster and John Marshall. Movements on crusades against slavery in the U.S argued that cases of racism and slavery limited equity and equality in the U.S. Additional movement were fixed on militant abolitionism. Therefore their primary focus was based on drawing religious convictions which emphasized that slavery was specifically a sin. Also, they demanded and rejected emancipation and explosive languages against slaveholders and slavery (Foner, 106). United States leadership personnel such as William Lloyd, a standard liberator and a propagandist in the history of America, thus following the adverse impact of slavery ended up repealing and dissolving the set unions and constitution necessitating slavery.

On the other hand, slavery’s impact in America led to feminism’s origins. The public women included individuals from evangelical Protestants, Quakers and New England Congregationalists (Beecher, 362). In the U.S, the feminist women, other than prompting, circulated petitions, attending mass meetings, delivering lectures, raising political causes money; they also marched adhesively in the political parade. The women’s various parades in the U.S forced its government to understand their new legal and subordinate social status and even allocate a seat for them in the process. As a result, the United States’ various governmental forums met the women’s rights in return following their sparked movements on condemnation of slave trade and nudged for equity and equality (Beecher, 364). Among the feminist women included Margaret Fuller and, through her transcendentalist circle, managed to ensure that other than ending the slave trade, the U.S various leadership regimes were to ensure women participate in the market revolutions process (Beecher, 363). In return, they became self-owners and influencing further abolitionist movements to end the slave trade. Feminist women in the U.S prompted antislavery connections with various women’s movement rights in the U.S that, in the long run, initiate a change in legislation principles prohibiting the slave trade.

In the U.S also, slavery led to the American Enlightenment and the Great Awakening. Atlantic and African slave trade in the U.S necessitated American enlightenment. In the 18^th century, enlightenment focused on science and reasoning instead of traditional religious authority. Thus, the United States’ social and political life following the abolition of slavery was based on practical experimentation and research investigation (Foner, 313). Slavery in the U.S also facilitated the great awakening as the vast labour provided by labourers fulfilled U.S’ enlightenment growth rationalism, commercial development and westward expansions. The great awakening also prompted a religious revival in the U.S witnessed from 174fis and 172fis (Foner, 331). The facilitators of religious activities included George Whitefield, English revivalist and Jonathan Edwards, New England Congregationalist. They facilitated various united local programs and events focusing on personal and emotional Christianity and the nudge to eliminate all forms of inhumane activities such as slavery (Foner, 324). The awakening process in the United States of America had various impacts. Among them are religious configuration changes, enlargement of liberty boundaries and the split of congregations into new light {revivalists} and old light {traditionalists}. The awakening process in the U.S also leads to the formation of new religious members who include Presbyterian, Baptist and Methodist, among others. The new church members at large continue to address the various inhumane cases and activities in U.S; among them are tax levies (Foner, 319). Also, they questioned the American society and authority necessitating inhumane practices.

In conclusion, the impacts of slavery in the U.S are vast, as provided in the Give Me Liberty text. Atlantic and African slave trade in the U.S necessitated American enlightenment. United States’ social and political life following the abolition of slavery was based on practical experimentation and research investigation. Slavery in the U.S also facilitated the great awakening as the vast labour provided by slave labourers fulfilled U.S’ enlightenment growth rationalism, commercial development and westward expansions. Also, slavery led to feminist origin in the U.S, prompting antislavery connections that, in the long run, drive a change in legislation principles prohibiting the slave trade. Besides that, it facilitated the rise of new crusade movements such as the American Colonization Society. Precisely, in 1816, the American Colonized Society was founded, encouraging free blacks from Western Nations such as Liberia to be colonized. The latter forced the United States of America’s various political personnel and leaders from the U.S to stop slavery.

Works Cited

Beecher, Catharine Esther. An essay on slavery and abolitionism: with reference to the duty of American females. H. Perkins, (1837): 362-364 https://doi.org/10.5479/sil.406260.39088006768675

Foner, Eric. Give Me Liberty! An American History: Seagull Fourth Edition. Vol. 1. WW Norton & Company, (2013).105-366. https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.1997.0041

Foner, Eric. Voices of Freedom. WW Norton, (2008): 360-361. https://doi.org/10.1353/khs.2016.0007

Second Primary Source Analysis Paper (35 points possible)

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Second Primary Source Analysis Paper (35 points possible)

Essay Paper #2: Craft a 5 paragraphs essay (Between 700 and 1050 words) on your Give Me Liberty textbook sources. (No research needed…it can all come from the book and the primary source excerpts)

Prompt: Discuss the impact of the institution of slavery has had on the United States.

You may include such topics as the division between the North and South, the lives of slaves, sense of identity, slaves’ desire for freedom, slave family life, folklore, and religious life, slavery and the law, labor organization, relationship between masters and slaves, paternalism, forms of slave resistance, Slave rebellions, etc.

You cannot write every single topic. Instead, find a coherent thesis for your paper with at least three sub-topics for your argument

The possible textbook pages include Chapter 4, pages 105-116, and Chapter 11, pages 311-336, The Peculiar Institution.

You MUST integrate primary sources in the Voices of Freedom pages (these sources are in the tinted pages of the textbook under the “Voices of freedom” heading). Please use at least 3 quotes, though it is fine to paraphrase if you need already have quoted material about the topic.

Primary sources come from the period of said event, and (for this class) are likely people who are long dead. Secondary sources are created later by someone who did not experience the event first-hand. The Declaration of Impendence, written by Thomas Jefferson, would be a primary source, anything written by Eric Foner (the textbook author) is a secondary source.

If you are still not sure what a primary source (vs. a secondary source), here is a great Library of Congress link. * Using Primary Sources. “Primary sources are the raw materials of history — original documents and objects which were created at the time under study. They are different from secondary sources, accounts or interpretations of events created by someone without firsthand experience.”[1] Again-use the tinted “voices of freedom” pages in the textbook.

You may use a source from Chapter 12, Voices of Freedom tinted pages 360-1

Angela Grimke, “Letter in the Liberator” (1837)

and Catharine Beecher, “An Essay on Slavery and Abolition” (1837).

There are also other sources from Chapter 11, Voices of Freedom tinted pages 422 – 3

Letter by Joseph Taper to Joseph Long (1840)

and “Slavery and the Bible” (1850)

Use this format for your papers:

You should have at least a five-paragraph essay.
Around 2 pages (700 to 1050 words).
12 font, (Times New Roman, Arial are usually best)
Inch-wide margins
double-spaced

Do use punctuation marks.

Do not use more than three lines together. It is not helpful to have an entire paragraph of primary sources—I need you to paraphrase and analyze much of your own work, and give the most important bits of the quotes. For the sources, use crucial parts of quotes and replace stuff that is padding and not needed for your particular point with “…”. More than three lines is not analysis, it is just typing.

For example: “George Washington, who had lost all but one tooth because all the sugar he ate, suffered a disastrous defeat at Fort Necessity” can change to “George Washington, who had lost all but one tooth because all the sugar he ate, …suffered a disastrous defeat at Fort Necessity.

Other major tips!

You should have at least five-paragraphs. (You can do more paragraphs if the breaks make sense for your argument, but don’t get minimalist and only do 3 or 4).

You need a thesis. (Not sure how to do a good thesis? Here are some great online sites!

How Do I Write a Thesis Statement?
and/or Refining Thesis Statements

You need a good title that reflects your thesis. For instance, rather than using a title like “Paper #1,” use something more specific like Sharknado Atlantic Seaboard Policy as the Catalyst for War. [Okay, don’t use that]

You need at least three body paragraphs, each with a mini-thesis which contains specific details to make your argument on why the war happened. Use the textbook, crash course videos, the tinted pages with primary source excerpts.

You need a good conclusion. It would be good to impress me on the last thing while I am about to use my grading hand!

Once you are done with the paper, fine-tune it, make sure the thesis matches up to what you eventually wrote.

Put it to bed, and take a fresh read of it the next day.

Consider the wise words of Ernest Hemingway: “The first draft of anything is sh*t.”

Updated May 1, 2020

[1] www.loc.gov/teachers/usingprimarysources/, accessed December 3, 2015

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Comprehensive Reflection on FNP/MSN Program Outcomes: Professional Growth and Development in Nursing

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Scholarly Reflective Narrative

The major focus of this paper is providing a scholarly reflective narrative exhibiting how particularly; Chamberlain College of Nursing FNP Program Outcomes helps nursing students get Masters of Science in Nursing program. The institution also provides a Family Nurse Practitioner track preparing graduate nurses who, in the long run, meet the institute’s program outcome in addition to acquiring Master’s essentials relative to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing. Consecutively Chamberlain University provides nurses with core competencies linked to the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (Chamberlain University, 2020). Therefore, while providing a personal reflection of how I fulfilled the set objectives in the thesis through the introduction of various artifacts, this paper further focuses on the latter profoundly by incorporating the graduate study works. Also, this paper reflects on various ways the met goals and objectives throughout learning have aided my transformation not only as a Family Nurse Practitioner but also as an effective nurse with a master’s degree.

FNP/ MSN Chamberlain University Outcome Programs

Program outcomes, as incorporated in Chamberlain University, help a nurse understand the holistic standards and principles of safe patient care and various techniques to provide high-quality care in healthcare (Chamberlain University, 2020). Additionally, Chamberlain College provides nursing students furthering their studies with efficient, caring spheres vital for achieving effective healthcare outcomes. Also, its program outcomes are situated to assist nurses other than engaging in reflective practices to appreciate further the norm of cultural diversities in the premise necessitating professional development and growth (Chamberlain University, 2020). As a result of designated program outcomes, nursing students would thus utilize their institution’s designated services and scholarships and further utilize to the upfront the set professional norms and values in the institution. Besides that, after the completion of the FNP and MSN program outcomes, the nurse would understand how advocating for positive healthcare practices and outcomes impact their methodology of compassionate care and collaboration in healthcare (Ronquillo et al., 2016). It is a set evidence-based practice for nurses while advancing their learning.

Artifacts incorporated and FNP/MSN Program Outcomes.

Via in-depth evaluation and synthesis of the various submitted artifacts, it is evident that through the offered programs as one of the students, I understood the regime of becoming a competent and holistic FNP/MSN practitioner. Throughout the learning processes, I noted that MSN/FNP program outcomes vary in-depth. For example, the MSN program essentials are categorized. Essential 1 of MSN requires that nursing practitioners with master’s degrees understand the science grounded practices ranging from nursing, genetics, biopsychosocial, quality improvement, public health, and organization sciences. The various diverse science grounded practices mentioned above are vital in nursing care. MSN’s second essential, on the other hand, ensure that masters’ nursing students and practitioners understand leadership organization and systems rooted in ethical decision-making processes, effective interprofessional leadership and relationship and prompting efficient patient care (Ronquillo et al., 2016). MSN 3^rd essential, on the other hand, focuses on ensuring that nurses understand the vast tools, techniques, principles, and standards yielding in the healthcare premises quality principles and care. MSN essential 4 allows nurses to execute research outcomes based on empirical setting’s problems, solutions, and the state of the healthcare community. Other MSN essentials range from the 5^th to the 9^th essentials. In-depth, they ensure that nursing practitioners utilize technology advancements in patient communication and care, which in the long run transforms the coordination and integration of care in the premise (Ronquillo et al., 2016). Also, they require nurses incorporating advocacy influencing healthcare and overall health to focus profoundly on the rules of policy development as initiated in all system levels.

Generally, through various program outcomes, I would say comfortably that there is a specific outcome that I loved and appreciated. They include in the holistic healthcare setting; it is vital providing principles ensuring effective patient, safety, high quality, and centered-care ground. Also, I was excited to learn that it is vital to establish a caring healthcare environment focusing on achieving quality healthcare outcomes. The last three outcomes that took my interest are how vital it is to engage lifelong professional and personal growth and development via cultural diversity and reflective practices appreciation. Also, it was critical integrating professional standards and values in a healthcare setting (McEwen & Wills, 2014). Also, nurse practitioners should advocate via evidence-based and collaborative advances in nursing practices ensuring positive healthcare outcomes.

Also, to achieve the above-elaborated outcomes, the weekly submitted classroom artifacts aided my learning and understanding throughout the processes. Profoundly, the designated artifacts aid my understanding of how significant it is to evaluate and synthesize theoretical findings and evidence-based practices in nursing, social, organizational, and biological sciences. Also, the artifacts have boosted my understanding of how essential it is to incorporate in nursing activities advanced practices. Additionally, the artifacts incorporate significant health assessment, creative reasoning, critical and creative thinking, and clinical decision-making processes. Such artifacts have aided my knowledge of learning comprehensive and monitor patient-oriented strategies and introducing competent cultural advancement in nursing care. Also, the outcome artifacts provide well-designed and culturally competent implementation practices in nursing care. Therefore, I have the capacity to design and implement in nursing care efficient collaborative disciplines and partnerships within the community. Also, as one of the nurses, the artifacts aid my understanding and respect of human diversities, which is vital for providing spiritual and culturally sensitive care across vast healthcare settings. Additionally, complying with artifacts activities boosts my knowledge of leadership skills possession and promotes effective health care change and policies.

Professional Growth and Development; Cognitive, Psychomotor and Affective Domain, and FNP Program

As one of the most excellent FNP Program graduate students, based on experience, I would agree that professional growth and development in the cognitive, psychomotor and affective domains was immense and essentially high. Profoundly, throughout the program, I understand and analyze the practical importance of the cognitive domain in nursing. The cognitive domain emphasizes the essence of recalling or reproducing data which is an important path to an individual becoming a nurse practitioner (McEwen & Wills, 2014). Furthermore, the cognitive domain helps nurses develop their attitude and encourages new ideas and skills acquisition. Generally, it boosts their mental skills and acquisition of personal knowledge. The cognitive domain in nursing and other scientific fields includes vast categories such as comprehension, analysis, application, evaluation, and synthesis. Through knowledge, nurses would thus not only learn but also recall information. The latter is followed by the cognitive comprehension domain, which allows nurses to learn and understand the essence and meaning of what is known particularly (McEwen & Wills, 2014). Therefore, as a result of the comprehension principle, the nurses would explain various healthcare existing theories.

On the other hand, through the cognitive application domain, nurses would use their new theoretical knowledge and apply it to various situations. The cognitive analysis domain will distinguish the opinions from facts gained (McGonigle, D. & Mastrian, 2018). In the next two cognitive domains, synthesis and evaluation domains, the nurse will integrate various concepts or elements establishing new meaning. Via evaluation, they would come up with conclusions based on the concept’s importance.

Additionally, the cognitive domain of the program taught me the essence of becoming emotional when dealing with various patients. Indeed, it taught me to be more appreciative of the healthcare setting’s behavioral beliefs and overall aspects. I noted that nurses in their respective areas should understand the effect of their behavior and values in their professional practices. Generally, in the contemporary world, nurses are expected to know. They remain aware with respect to their professional standards and values, which as a result, affects the patient’s care and decision-making processes (Thomas et al., 2011). On the other hand, FNP Programs throughout my learning processes helped boost my psychomotor knowledge and skills. Primarily, I learned distinctive ways of applying various nursing objectives and materials. Psychomotor skills help nurses, for example, to understand the various nursing objectives as they have an adequate understanding of the relationship between physical movement and cognitive function (Thomas et al., 2011). Psychomotor skills at large help nurses in their line of operation to involve and demonstrate essential physical skills such as grace, coordination, movement, dexterity, speed, and strength (McGonigle, D. & Mastrian, 2018). As a result, nurses would note how effectively they would apply important objectives in caring for the aged population, among other population categories.

The affective domain of learning, on the other hand, help me identifies how emotions and values acquisition are critical in the field of nursing (Thomas et al., 2011). Also, it helped me identify the formation of my nursing professionalism. Other than outlining professional values nurses should adhere to such as ANA Code of Ethics, affective domain as applicable in nurse help nurses understand how to deal with every element of their nursing professionalism emotionally (Thomas et al., 2011) Thus, through learning affective domain as one of the major focuses in the program, I know how to deal with feeling, enthusiasm, appreciation, attitudes, and motivations at work.

Generally, as one of the FNP Program graduates, I would comfortably say that contemporary I am fully equipped with knowledge and skills vital for mastering cognitive, affective, and psychomotor learning domains. I would generally bring the practices in my expertise based on my capacity to care for and treat patients with various needs. Through the help of psychomotor learning throughout the program, I can apply vital signs and prerequisites in my line of nursing. The signs as noted are physiological statistics and thus would aid my identification of the patient’s pulse rate, blood pressure, body temperature, and respiratory rate and determine the body’s function. Nurses recognizing the function of the patient’s body are likely in advance to identify the appropriate cure for the patient.

Professional Growth and Development and AACN’s MSN Essential for Graduate Education

As one of the graduate students, my professional and development growth has been rampant, especially when pertaining to AACN’s MSN Essentials. Generally, my journey to learning MSN Essentials was beneficial. For example, as one of the professional nurses, I understand that it is vital for nurses to have a background in social sciences and humanities that help them integrate concepts from public health, genetics, biopsychosocial, and quality improvement as outlined in MSN Essential 1. Also, I understand the systems and organization of nursing leadership processes that are further based on the ethical decision-making processes and other vital interprofessional relationships in the healthcare setting noted in MSN Essential II. On the other hand, Essential III argues that as one of the nurses, I should have a vast understanding of tools, methods, standards and performance measures yielding in the healthcare setting quality care (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2011). Essential IV of MSN taught me that I should differentiate and execute research outcomes, find remedies for practice obstacles, and work on disseminating healthcare communities’ results in any given situation. Essential V ensures that in my line of professionalism, I should not only utilize technology in patient communication and care and focus on coordinating and integrating patient care in a healthcare setting.

Other MSN’s Essential VI allows nurses to arbitrate in their healthcare systems policy development principles which also influence the healthcare advocacy processes. Essential VII allows nurses in their interprofessional team as a leader and a member to adhesively communicate, collaborate and consult their healthcare colleague who in the long run provides them with ideas to coordinate and manage care. Essentials are Essential VIII which allows nurses to integrate organizational, broad, and client-centered activities via appropriate planning, delivery, management, and evaluation (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 2011). Essential IX lastly helped me as one of the professional nurses to understand how various interventions would in a healthcare setting at any given point elicit change.

Generally, through the graduate degree and learning of the various AACN’s MSN Essentials, I gained a lot of understanding and knowledge with respect to population health and clinical prevention, evidence-based practice, informatics, interprofessional collaboration, system and organizational leadership, policy and advocacy, quality and safety and program synthesis and evaluation critical for population outcomes and patient improvement. Learning nursing MSN Nine Essentials indeed has aided my confidence and passion, and professional expertise. They will remain relevant to my continuous nursing development and growth. Besides ASSN’s MSN Essentials, articulate the relevant curriculum content in addition to the needed graduate competencies from master’s and Doctor of Nursing Practice Programs. As a result, the graduate would thus lead change vital for improving quality outcomes in healthcare in their line of duty. Also, the nurse would advance through lifelong learning an excellent culture and lead and build interprofessional collaborative teams. Additionally, other than ensuring that nurses adhere to the nine MSN Essentials, they would comfortably integrate and navigate in their healthcare systems care services and other design effective nursing methodologies and practices based and relating to evidence-based practices (McGonigle, D. & Mastrian, 2018). AACN’s MSN Essentials provides a critical curricular framework and elements focusing on the intended practice setting. They prepare one for specific duties and responsibilities and guide them while addressing the advanced nursing practices. One knows how to lead change improving quality outcomes, lead and build a collaborative nursing professional team.

Indeed, through AACN’s MSN Essentials, I would reflect in my line of professionalism a continuum of imagination, evolutionary transformation, and transformative thinking. Additionally, the extraordinary knowledge explosion learned throughout AACN’s MSN Essentials has expanded my understanding and the importance of technology advancement in nursing. Thus other than amplifying cultural diversity in the healthcare setting, I will ensure that the dynamic environment serves the action-based recommendation discussed in the Initiative of the Future of Nursing.

Professional Growth and Development as a Graduate Student pertaining to the National Organization of Nurse practitioner Faculties Competencies

My development and professional growth as linked to the National Organization of Nurse Practitioner Faculties (NONPF) competencies are essential. Primarily, NONPF major competencies include Scientific Foundation Competencies. Nurses with a Master’s Degree would evaluate data based on scientific evidence and thus improve the advanced nursing practices (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2019). Also, they would integrate humanities and sciences knowledge and translate it to other research and create new strategies and approaches based on research theories and practice cognitive domains. The second competency linked to leadership competency allows graduate nurses to guide and initiate changes via complex involvement. Thus nurses would foster collaborations and, via effective leadership, improve healthcare outcomes. The third core competency is quality competency requiring masters’ students to incorporate their best evidence in improving healthcare quality practices and thus consider healthcare relationship between cost, access, safety, and quality which impacts the organization care process, structure, marketing, financing, and policy development (Thomas et al., 2011). Inquiry competency, known as core competency number four, deals with nurses’ capacity to translate new ideas into practice and develop knowledge in their clinical practices (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2019). Other core competencies include technology ad information literacy, policy, health delivery systems, ethics, and independent practice competencies.

Thus as a graduate student, the nine core competencies taught me specific lessons.

Scientific foundation competencies; Taught me that in any situation, I should focus on creatively apply researched data on healthcare evidence-based practices necessitating patient care. Also, through various gained knowledge from humanities and other nursing disciplines, I noted the essence of enhancing patient outcome and practice techniques based on research findings, practice experience, and core theories.
Leadership competencies; taught me the essence of leaders focusing on professional scholarship, accountability, and advocacy. As one of the nurse practitioners, leadership competencies help aid my understanding of standards and scope of practice. Also, in a healthcare setting, I must incorporate leadership practices necessitating organization engagement, cultural sensitivity, and communication skills.
Quality competencies; through this competency, I learned that it is vital to apply the most and best contemporary research evidence and findings in clinical practices. Also, I learned that through understanding the vital and complex connection between safety, cost and access resources, and efficient quality in healthcare, a nurse practitioner would understand how their access impacts the organization’s financial management and structure and policy and that healthcare intervention would be used as expected.
Practice inquiry competencies; via this competency, I learned that a master’s prepared nurse should concentrate on translational research in their line of duty. Thus they would take academic researches and apply them in clinical settings. The competency helps one understand the effectiveness of applying academic researchers in improving patient care outcomes.
Technology and Information Literacy Competencies; the competency helps me note that as one of the qualified nurses, it is vital to use available and reliable technology to enhance the safety of the patient and the patient’s health outcome.
Policy Competencies; the competency aid my understanding of why it is critical to respect and appreciate outline healthcare policies. As identified in NONPF, a nurse notes the major set of decisions linked to health that impact organization activities such as healthcare resources allocation. Also, they taught me on noting how legislation influences health, social issues, and problems such as literacy and poverty.
Health Delivery System competencies; the competencies aid my understanding of the healthcare delivery system meaning. It thus relates to community and public health programs development, planning, and implementation. It will aid my knowledge in a clinical setting to note how to introduce organization and systems knowledge to improve healthcare.
Ethics Competencies; aided my understanding of why it is significant to encompass in scientific advances ethical implications and ethical dilemmas learn to negotiate.
Independence Practice Competencies helped me understand how I should function appropriately as one of the Licensed Independent Practitioners. Also, it taught me that I should think efficiently as one of the professional nursing practitioners and offer healthcare protection and promotion and counseling and essence of treatment implementation.

Student’s Reflection on how One’s Cultural Competence has been transformed

Through the overall program, my cultural competence has taken a positive turn. Contemporary as one of the graduate nurses, I am more culturally knowledgeable. The program at large taught me that as one of the nurses, I should recognize how culture impacts the patient’s decision of care and their nurse’s perception of their beliefs and values. Also, I learned that culture among patient care goes beyond their understanding of skin color which identifies one as Hispanic, African-American, or White. Other people’s cultural backgrounds range from their gender and sexual differences, religion, age, occupation, geography, and socioeconomic status.

Thus in my line of duty, my major focus is to understand how one’s cultural background impacts their treatment and care decision-making. It is critical to understand how their cultural beliefs and values impact their desire to stay or seek further treatment. As a master’s prepared nurse in my line of duty, I will aim to find out and understand the patient’s cultural background.

In addition, the programs taught me why I should understand my culture as a nurse. Excelling in nursing professionalism requires the nurse to understand their patient’s cultural background and note theirs (Young & Guo, 2020). Cultural competence allows nurses to keep their patients’ safety, and that nurses would also reflect their overall cultural setting (American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 2019). In the clinical setting, understanding one’s and other cultural identity help nurses give the most appropriate to their patients while demonstrating their understanding and appreciation of their races, beliefs, and values.

Conclusion

In conclusion, masters’ graduate nurses are expected to have completed education programs aligning with AACN’s MSN Essentials and set NONPF Core Competencies. Such coursework is critical for preparing nurses to enter into healthcare setting practices and other nursing advanced practices. Additionally, other than acquiring the objectives articulated in the education programs, nurses should at any given time participate in various designated learning processes and activities. In the long run, the latter boosts their professional development and growth in understanding cultural competence, for instance, that curs across healthcare lifespan. Generally, the scholarly reflective narrative provides an in-depth explanation of how Chamberlain College FNP and MSN programs help masters’ prepared nurses with knowledge helping them enter into the various nursing professionals based on their cultural competence and area of interest. Via psychomotor skills also, nurses understand the various nursing objectives as they have an adequate understanding of the relationship between physical movement and cognitive function. Psychomotor skills at large help nurses in their line of operation to involve and demonstrate essential physical skills such as grace, coordination, movement, agility, speed, and strength.

References

American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN). (2011). The essentials of master’s education in nursing. Retrieved from http://www.aacnnursing.org/portals/42/publications/mastersessentials11.pdf.

American Association of Nurse Practitioners. (2019). What’s a nurse practitioner? Retrieved from https://www.aanp.org/about/all-about-nps/whats-a-nurse-practitioner.

Chamberlain University. (2020). Academic catalog 2020-2021, Vol.13: Graduate program outcomes. https://www.chamberlain.edu/media/3371/catalog.pdf

McGonigle, D. & Mastrian, K. (2018). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (4th ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.outlook.2008.09.010

Ronquillo, C., Currie, L.M., & Rodney, P. (2016). The evolution of data-information-knowledge wisdom in nursing informatics. Advances in Nursing Science, 39(1), E1-E18 https://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/wk/ans/2016/00000039/00000001/art00002.

Thomas, A. C., Dumas, M. A., Kleinpell, R., Logsdon, M. C., Julie Marfell, D. N. P., & Nativio, D. G. (2011). Nurse practitioner core competencies April 2011 amended 2012. https://www.pncb.org/sites/default/files/2017-02/NONPF_Core_Competencies.pdf

McEwen, M., & Wills, E. (2014). The theoretical basis for nursing (4th ed.). Philadelphia, PA: Wolters Kluwer/Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1361-9004(02)00073-0

Young, S., & Guo, K. L. (2020). Cultural diversity training: The necessity of cultural competence for health care providers and in nursing practice. The health care manager, 39(2), 100-108. https://journals.lww.com/healthcaremanagerjournal/Abstract/2020/04000/Cultural_Diversity_Training__The_Necessity_of.7.aspx

Advancing Healthcare: Insights from the IOM Future of Nursing Report and State-Based Action Coalitions

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Implementation of IOM Future of Nursing Report

This paper’s major focus is discussing the role of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee Initiative, IOM Report, and the State-Based Action Coalitions. Also, as noted in this paper, nursing includes widespread practices, which are disease prevention, treatment management, and promoting healthier lives for the patients. The paper also highlights the key messages that structure the IOM Report Recommendations, Indiana State’s initiative, and some barriers to promoting nursing profession advancement.

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee Work and IOM Report

The major work of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee Initiative leading to the IOM report was fixed to its mission to assist raise every citizen’s health in the United States of America to levels great countries deserves by primarily incorporating the well-being of everyone at the center of the universe (The National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine, 2021). The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee’s initiative at the IOM’s Future of Nursing, due to its mission, has since them profoundly seeks to build a blueprint for the nursing future as part and parcel of the in-depth efforts to reform healthcare systems. Consecutively, the foundation committee initiative aimed to assess and respond to the prevailing needs of the nurses and change nursing professionalism (Future of Nursing IOM Report, 2021). According to the committee, the IOM report was supposed to recognize that the nurses in their area of professionalism face challenges though struggles still fulfilling the healthcare system promises.

Key Messages Transforming Nursing

Since time immemorial, nursing professionals remains the backbone and in-depth portion of the healthcare system (Future of Nursing IOM Report, 2021). The key messages that structure the IOM Report Recommendations are nurses in their line of duty must ensure they practice to the full extent of their training and education. Also, they should aim at achieving higher activity and education levels via incapacitated healthcare education systems promoting academic continuation. Additional information in the IOM Report is that nurses must partner with healthcare professionals, physicians redesigning United States healthcare systems. Lastly, the IOM Report argues that nurses must incorporate efficient workforce policy and planning requiring better data collection and improving healthcare technology and communication infrastructure.

Indeed, the key messages that structure the IOM Report recommendation have transformed adhesively the field of nursing. It emphasizes that nursing professionalism must consider vital areas which rely on leadership, practice, and education processes. Corresponding IOM Report ensures that healthcare premises, state and federal actions standardize and update its regulation practice scope relating to the full education capacity of APRNs. Also, nurses in their line of duty focus on promoting patient-oriented care and choice (Future of Nursing IOM Report, 2021). IOM Report recommendations argue that nurses should ensure primary prevention and care are central elements in healthcare systems and that inter-professional coordination and collaboration are norms in healthcare. IOM Report also focuses on and emphasizes widespread and comprehensive nursing prospects, thus molding and adapting to healthcare forces’ current and future needs.

State-Based Action Coalitions and their help in advancing Goals from IOM Report

State-Based Action Coalitions are led by business and nurse partners to drive changes locally by transforming healthcare via nursing and building a healthier community (Campaign for Action, 2021). State-based action coalitions indeed help in advancing goals from IOM Report. Since time immemorial, they form an effective network of persons from national to state organizations. Also, they maintain and keep the advancement in healthcare, reflecting the IOM Report’s key messages. Besides State-based Action Coalitions composes of leadership panels that discuss processes and structures various state hospitals must incorporate from outlined IOM Report recommendations. Indeed, the action coalitions via its principles help advances goals from IOM Report. Generally, it ensures that various states have collaborated in developing the implementation of IOM Report recommendations, basing their focus on the state’s unique healthcare needs (Campaign for Action, 2021). State-Based Action Coalitions also advance IOM report recommendations by incorporating vital partners supporting and providing effective healthcare for all United States Citizens. Also, it uses nursing as a framework via education, practice, and leadership, enriching healthcare needs.

State Action Coalition Initiatives Advancing Nursing Profession

My state is Indiana, located in the Midwestern United States region. As one of the State-Based Action Coalitions known as Indiana Action Coalition (IAC), it continuously manages fulfilling its set initiatives (Campaign for Action, 2018). IAC was created in 2011 March via a joint partnership between the Indiana Area Health Education Centers and Indiana Center for Nursing. Other than focusing on nursing practices, education and safety, it incorporates the latter by incorporating two initiatives.

The first initiative is access to healthcare. Indiana Action Coalition fulfills the latter by communicating and collaborating with thirty healthcare organizations, ensuring they access various healthcare discussions and generate recommendations. IAC’s second initiative is access to the scholarship program (Campaign for Action, 2018). Supporting the future of nurses in IAC is paramount. It thus raises over one million and is used in scholarships training and educating nurses at graduate and undergraduate levels, ensuring they prepare for diverse and complex settings.

Barriers to Advancement

In Indiana State, one of the barriers facing nursing advancement in healthcare premises is faculty development obstacles, cultural diversity in nursing, aligning nursing education with practice surroundings. Faculty vacancies and development are demanding obstacles in nursing education. Insufficient nursing school capacity increases nurses’ necessity to participate in non-academic institutions contributing to the nursing deficit (Campaign for Action, 2018). Thus, Indiana State nursing advocates to solve faculty development obstacles; it has introduced bridging programs and ensures that nursing policymakers offer effective financing and partnership in its various institutions, increasing its nurse’s education level.

Conclusion

In conclusion, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Committee Initiative, State-based Action Coalitions, and IOM Report remain vital in renovating and advancing United States Healthcare Sector. Other than incorporating nursing programs playing critical roles in nursing professionalism, the three also provide essential effects on the healthcare system. The State-based action coalition, for example, collaborates and implements effective recommendations improving and shaping nursing-based advancement. As a result, they expand the techniques and quality of healthcare in the United States of America.

References

Campaign for Action (2018). Indiana Center for Nursing; Indiana Action Coalition. https://campaignforaction.org/state/indiana/

Campaign for Action (2021). State Action Coalition Liaisons and Diversity Consultants. https://campaignforaction.org/resource/state-action-coalition-liaisons/

Future of Nursing IOM Report (2021). Academic Progression in Nursing; Future of Nursing IOM Report. https://www.academicprogression.org/about/future-of-nursing

The National Academies of Sciences Engineering Medicine (2021). Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Initiative on the Future of Nursing, at the Institute of Medicine. https://www.nationalacademies.org/our-work/robert-wood-johnson-foundation-initiative-on-the-future-of-nursing-at-the-institute-of-medicine

Community Assessment of Richmond City and Henrico County: Addressing Dementia as a Health Concern

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Community Assessment of Richmond City, Henrico County

Based on the 2020 1^st April United States census, Richmond City, Henrico County, has 330,818 (Batko et al., 2019). That makes it the 5^th most populated county based in Virginia. Richmond City’s total households between 2015 and 2019 are 90,301 (Batko et al., 2019). Individuals living in the same house total 76.2%, and those speaking more than one language total 9.4% (Batko et al., 2019). The importance of this paper is providing a helpful overview of accomplished Community Health One and assessment. This paper aims to provide in-depth information about Richmond City, Henrico County’s weaknesses and strengths, a health issue affecting the region; dementia, requiring improvement or adjustment, and a health initiation goal, Healthy People 2020. Dementia prevention and treatment are the health set objectives for this paper.

Major Health Concern

The World Health Organization (WHO) identifies Richmond City as one of the leading regions with individuals who have dementia. As noted by WHO, the condition is a syndrome with individuals suffering from thinking, memory, behavior, and capacity to participate in daily activities deterioration (World Health Organization, 2019). Dementia, as outlined, also affects older people majorly, and that worldwide; it affects over 50 million personnel, with each year recording over 10 million cases (World Health Organization, 2019). The most common type of dementia, as noted by the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, is Alzheimer’s disease and commonly affects older people based in Richmond City. Dementia disease, as pointed out, also remains one of the major leading causes of dependency and disability worldwide among older individuals. Dementia profoundly has not only economical and physical impact but also psychological and social effects on the individual. Thus it is a condition affecting one’s families, carers, and the whole community. Generally, it is a situation with progressive and chronic nature necessitating cognitive dysfunction impacting one’s overall life. Its early signs and symptoms are forgetfulness, loss of time tracking, increasing difficulty in communication, and assisted self-care.

On the other hand, Healthy People 2020 is one of the Federal Government’s prevention agendas on building healthier nations. It incorporates National Health Objectives designed to identify the essential prevention health threats such as dementia and incorporate the nation’s goals reducing the latter. The primary mission for Healthy People 2020 is to have a society where people other than living long have healthy and productive lives (World Health Organization, 2019). The goals of Healthy People 2020 thus focus on promoting high-quality life; live longer and free from preventable disability, disease, injury, and premature deaths. The other goal is achieving health equality and equity by eliminating disparities and improving group health, creating a physical and social environment promoting proficient health for everyone.

Similarities

Richmond City, Henrico County, has various households with older adults. The members range from retired engineers, accountants, doctors, teachers, and physicians (Batko et al., 2019). Consecutively, Richmond City, Henrico County, has most of its women as housewives and persons living with disabilities who at one point before having the various disabilities participated in multiple jobs. Besides Windshield Survey individuals who retired in the past three years, two out of five have dementia. Also, as noted in their healthcare premises, there are few healthcare personnel providing counseling and education helping individuals improve their health concerns. Also, based on collected data from Windshield Survey, it was noted that the elderly in Richmond City, Henrico County, suffering from dementia, had memory and thinking problems. Also, the collected data indicated that memory and thinking dysfunction results in mental health obstacles. Healthcare providers’ roles have thus helped them prevent or control the latter, which also treats other conditions such as depression.

Differences

To understand the various causes of dementia in Richmond City, Henrico County, it is vital to compare it to the United States of America Pinecrest Community. The community, as noted, has very many young personnel, and various constructions are having in the region ranging from residential, assembly, education, and institutional projects (Batko et al., 2019). Besides that, the Pinecrest Community members have a gym in their household and walking tracks promoting personal exercises. Based on various surveys conducted, the members also understand the essence of physical activity and thus have invested in lap pools, gyms, and walking tracks. Such acts have profoundly helped the community members stated above to prevent health concern cases such as dementia. Pinecrest Community members focus on maintaining a healthy weight, eating healthy food, and getting plenty of exercises. The latter is opposite to Richmond City personnel behavior based on Cedar Field Organization reports which insist that its population grays (Batko et al., 2019). Also, with inefficient healthcare, fitness amenities, and physical exercise knowledge Richmond City portrays high cases of Alzheimer’s disease.

Strengths

Based on data collected, Richmond City, Henrico County community members have a strong connection. For instance, during community participation in various activities, they will look at one another appropriately, ensuring they are fine. The community members believe that they are the Audience of One and that the younger ones in the premises will thus look after the older adults and help them meet their needs (Batko et al., 2019). The younger and the more senior community members, other than participating in the community’s strategic needs, help one another with physical and emotional support. Besides that, when there are various holidays, the Home Owners Association provides a list of its community members and participating in the set activities. The list of activities involves encouraging community empowerment and survival (Batko et al., 2019). Also, Richmond City, Henrico County community members long for a better understanding of their health concerns and how they would avoid or prevent them.

Weaknesses

Richmond City community members have its majority population aged 50 and above. According to World Health Organization, its members also have their large population impoverished, and that its average income per year is $61,438 (World Health Organization, 2019). Also, the majority of the people graduating only from high school and that the community faces other health challenges, including dementia, which has its warning signs such as memory loss, the challenge in performing tasks, disorientation in space and time, and impaired judgment, and challenges with abstract reasoning. Also, the community’s other health concerns are obesity, heart disease, and stroke. Besides that, most health challenges faced by Richmond City result from the vast changing population creating healthcare inequalities and thus affecting its healthcare system.

Improvement

To improve dementia in Richmond City, the World Health Organization argues that mentors, counselors, and other health personnel must understand their needs. The healthcare personnel will thus understand the primary ways of helping the community members prevent dementia (World Health Organization, 2019). Also, as the community longs to prevent dementia, the community healthcare workers would thus provide them with techniques to avoid the latter. They include avoiding smoking, staying on healthy weight, getting plenty of exercise, and eating healthy food.

Also, healthcare personnel or counselors would mentor them to manage various health challenges such as diabetes, high cholesterol, and high blood pressure, which are significant causes of dementia (World Health Organization, 2019). Besides that, to improve the health outcome of the community members, it will be critical to have leadership techniques promoting community empowerment and improvement. Since time immemorial, efficient leadership in the community improves the living standards of the community. Also, to raise community standards, healthcare personnel should work with the community city councils to help use Healthy People 2020 objectives to improve community standards.

Conclusion

Richmond City, Henrico County leads in significant health concerns; among them is dementia. The major risk factors linked to dementia and affecting the community members stated above are imbalanced health habits, inefficient physical activities, and knowledge on how to prevent various forms of dementia from affecting community members. To improve the state of Richmond City, Henrico County community members from suffering from dementia, it is thus critical for city’s leaders to introduce appropriate leadership approaches to improve the healthcare personnel working conditions in the premise and empower the community to adopt various healthcare standards. Correspondingly, via Healthy People 2020 Initiative, the healthcare personnel can provide dementia education prevention and treatment methods and how the community members would note its warning signs and symptoms.

References

Batko, S., DuBois, N., & Boshart, A (2019). Richmond, Virginia. https://henrico.us/

World Health Organization. (2019). Risk reduction of cognitive decline and dementia: WHO guidelines. https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/312180/9789241550543-eng.pdf

Facebook Inc. Strategic Implementation: Leadership, Governance, Stakeholders, and Ethical Analysis

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Strategic Implementation for Facebook Company

Introduction

Brügger (2015) argues that Facebook exhibits an example of a modern technology firm over the years. Despite adjacent competitors’ acquisitions, aggressive monetization, and rapid growth, Facebook also maintains a dominant market. Facebook connects shares, discovers, and helps its users to communicate with one another via technology devices such as mobile and individual computers. Besides, its titular websites remain valuable to the advertiser as they reach a wide variety of target audiences (Hansson et al., 2013). Facebook Inc., to also stick in the competitive world market, uses monetization technique and thus fulfilling its organization objectives.

Additionally, it is aware of its adjacent social media ends. It incorporates user-oriented evaluation to acquire its new employees and secure the risk of a disinterested demographic. Consecutively, Facebook remains a vast tool for political movements such as U.S 2008 Presidential Election. Its various benefits have made it a public company, with May 2017 managing to raise its market value by $102.4 billion (Skeels & Grudin, 2009). Therefore, this paper focuses on analyzing Facebook Inc., strategic implementation processes inclusive of its leadership and governance structure, stakeholders, shareholders and ownership review and mechanisms applied on its leadership and governance, ethical framework and approach, policies, and practices.

Company Overview

Facebook serves as an American firm that offers online services linked to social networking objectives. In 2004, Mark Zuckerberg, Dustin Moskovitz, Eduardo Saverin, and Chris Hughes founded Facebook (Brügger, 2015). The four as a student in Harvard University through their striving roles have made Facebook be the dominant social media platform worldwide. In 2012, Facebook users totaled more than half a billion. Facebook Company’s headquarters are based in California Menlo Park. Facebook access is free, and that its capital comes from various advertisements situated on its Web Site. Facebook Company launched its social network in 2004, “TheFacebook.com,” and that its users would post their pictures and photographs.

Facebook’s major competitors are YouTube, Twitter, WeChat, and TikTok. However, Facebook remains prominent worldwide based on its extreme networking effect (Lillqvist & Louhiala-Salminen, 2014). Consecutively, its monetization technique and adequate financing have helped it have an international presence. Indeed, it has higher users’ monetization worldwide and efficient acquisition in various adjacent regions. Additionally, Zuckerberg, one of the influential leaders in Facebook Company ensure the employees fulfills set organization mission by increasing privacy and security requirement for its social media networks. Also, it aims at adding end encryption and reviews its blockchain depending on the provided public resources. Zuckerberg also ensures its members fulfill the set objectives; through his leadership team ensures they align with the set code of conduct, giving individuals the capacity to build a community that brings individuals collectively (Skeels & Grudin, 2009). The company commits to empowering everyone via rigid legal rules, which sets the expectations that organization members should adapt to.

Leadership and Governance Structure

Leadership Structure

Leadership structures such as hierarchical leadership structures outline the leaders’ expectations and drive the set objectives (Klonick, 2019). The leadership structure profoundly reflects the firm’s strategic objectives and goals. Facebook’s leadership prompts its swift rise. In the industrial lifecycle practices, Facebook indicates experienced leadership processes. Mark Zuckerberg, the Chair, Founder, and CEO of Facebook Company, applies a product and direct strategy (Terlizzi et al., 2017). Through his guidance in the past 15 years, Facebook Company has remained exceptional (Lynch& Coleman, 2018). The principles of its leadership ensure it outlines valuable firm acquisition and hires the most efficient talent. Its leadership team is fixed on various individuals from various backgrounds with several skills and unified excellence.

Facebook’s leadership structure is hierarchical. Therefore, its logical organization’s power is based on the individual’s position instead of the person’s experience level. Hierarchical leadership structure limits abuse of power and that the management would assign set duties and responsibilities depending on the workers’ specialized capacities. Hierarchical leadership structure profoundly allows Facebook Inc., to set and give roles based on one’s skills (Terlizzi et al., 2017). Its rigidity is fixed to the fact that the firm is of high-regulated activities. A hierarchical leadership structure has helped Facebook Company set clear authority lines and understand the employees’ responsibilities and roles. Allows the company’s personnel to be responsible for their decisions and actions and that a culture of awareness and loyalty is cultivated among organizations, teams, and departments.

Consecutively, hierarchical leadership structure as applicable in Facebook Company applies a pyramid shared and top-down structure. Power is therefore shared with the level bases of subordinates. Generally, leaders ensure organization members are organized based on the set like pyramid structures in the hierarchical leadership structure. Thus, the lowest organization members take directions from their managers and supervisors (Klonick, 2019). Since time immemorial, a hierarchical leadership structure has helped managers and supervisors in the organization to create a functional system allowing them to create a transparent command chain. Each functional department is directed adhesively, ranging from sales and marketing to other departments. The plans set also align with the firm’s strategic goals, and that departments tend to collaborate adhesively as a hierarchical leadership structure also applies transactional leadership style. Generally, as applicable in a hierarchical leadership structure, the transactional leadership style helps Facebook Company eliminate confusion within its command chain as its set objectives are clear and recognized quickly by the team members. Also, it has helped Facebook Company to achieve created goals at the individual level. It defined the set goals ending points.

Governance Structure

Among the major governance structure model international companies apply include Carver Board Governance Structure. The Carver Board Governance structure was invented by John Carver in 1970. As one of the organizational governance system, Carver Model other than defining mandatory relationship between organization owners’ its chief executive and board of directors, further provides a guidance to fulfill the latter. The model at large presents the responsibility and authority of the board of directors and the organization owners. Other than discussing the principles and policies that the organization members should abide to the Carver Board Governance structure decision-making processes in the organization.

Facebook Company remains one of the firms applying the Carver Board Governance Structure. Carver Board Governance Structure since time immemorial helps Facebook Company focus on its end needs (Terlizzi et al., 2017). Also, the framework has allowed Facebook Company to work actively on achieving the needs of the organization. Carver Model helps Facebook Company to emphasize the roles of the Board. Considered as trustees, it also allows the Board of directors to understand the essence of ethical ownership, focus on the set organization policies and decisions. Additionally, the board of directors is forced to fulfill their fixed obligations (Lynch& Coleman, 2018). Carvel Model allows the Facebook board of directors’ members to remain competent and enlightened and achieve their set organizational goals and objectives.

Besides, Facebook Company uses Carver Board Governance principles also to outline some of the major responsibilities and authority its board of directors have particularly. For instance, the model argues that the board of directors in Facebook Company has the capacity to hire the company’s general director or the Chief Executive Officer. Also, they have the capacity to access and provide feedback the firm’s set objectives and strategies. Generally, as per the model, Facebook Company thus allows its board of directors to recruit, retains, supervise, compensate and also evaluate the manager for their effective organization governance and management. Besides that they provide direction to Facebook’s strategic mission, vision and goals and, further provide policy-based governance system in the firm.

Carver Board Governance, sometimes known as the modern governance theory applicable in Facebook Inc., is very effective. It is straightforward. Besides that, it pays a closer look at the firm’s processes, projects, and overall structures (Terlizzi et al., 2017). It also requires that the executive committee have the right group of people with the right experiences, background, and skills. Also, it allows the organization to commit to set the vision, strategies, and purposes for the organization. In the long run, it helps the organization members to manage various risks and access the exemplary performances vital for the organization’s success.

Stakeholders, Shareholders, and Ownership

Facebook Company is one of the major social networking companies which allow its users to create an account (Martin, 2017). The company, whose central focus is ensuring it connects people individually by easing community and communication development, has various stakeholders and shareholders. Facebook Company Shareholders are divided into four essential categories. Among them include defensive, offensive, swing, and hold stakeholders. Hold stakeholders have minimal cooperative capacity and competition in the firm. Therefore, Facebook’s major hold stakeholders are community groups and users.

On the other hand, offensive stakeholders have minimal competitive threat though have high co-operation capacity in the firm. They include employees and investors (Martin et al., 2018). Defensive stakeholders have lower cooperative potentials and high competition threats to the firm. They include the governments, advertisers, and competitors. On the other hand, Swing stakeholders have high co-operative capacity and competition threat to the organization and include the company’s CEO, overall chairman, and chairman technology officers.

External Stakeholders

Communities

Communities as Facebook stakeholders also affect the firm. They influence advertisers’ and members’ perception and developmental support for Facebook Company (Martin et al., 2018). Generally, the community affects at large scale the activities of Facebook. Correspondingly, Facebook Company provides the community with vital support via its various services and developmental activities.

Users

Facebook users as members of its social network receive a top prioritization in the firm’s corporate activities. They improve Facebook’s social networking mobile apps and website. Advertisers, on the other hand, are chief sources of the income Facebook receives. The stakeholders mentioned above are vital for the Facebook firm (Martin, 2017). They influence the financial status of Facebook directly. Various users profoundly use Facebook Company to create a professional profile and social network accounts, advertisement, video calling, photo sharing, and updating a person’s social status. Facebook users have the most significant number, which creates a competitive advantage for them.

Advertisers

Advertisers as Facebook stakeholders would use its site to share ads of several businesses, marketers, and products. The advertiser in Facebook Company serves as the second most critical stakeholder in Facebook since they are the primary income source (Anwar, 2018). Advertisers’ stakeholders’ primary interest is their efficient and effective advertising services and other efficient user bases. On the other hand, Facebook Company provides its advertisers with various options to meet their targeted audience. They use Facebook’s social media website they benefit from their respective networks.

Governments

The governments as Facebook Inc., stakeholders, on the other hand, are vital too. As Corporate Social Responsibility Stakeholders for Facebook, governments impose requirements on social media activities and businesses (Sakawa & Watanabel, 2020). They influence the firm’s compliance on set interests and policies on partnership and negotiations and other governmental set programs. The governments impose several regulations, policies, and laws that Facebook Company must comply with particularly. Besides that, the government needs several data from Facebook Company which the firm responds efficiently.

Competitors

Facebook stakeholders also include its competitors. Its primary competitors are Instagram, Snap Char, Twitter, TikTok, and LinkedIn, among others (Anwar, 2018). By analyzing the various users applying other social media networking sites, Facebook Company figure out some of the essential remedies they should comply with to restore its users. Facebook adhesively provides its users with vital services that help it have a vast competitive advantage.

Internal Stakeholders

Employees

Internal stakeholders in Facebook Company are the employees. The Facebook organization values its employees adhesively. Sometimes referred to as corporate citizenship stakeholders, employees contribute to Facebook’s social media businesses (Martin et al., 2018). Besides affecting the firm’s evolution by improving and developing requires services and products, employees are a set of human resources in Facebook. Employees as primary internal stakeholders play a significant role in the firm’s time and financial investments. Their functions are also defined based on their operations, tactics, and strategies applied in the firm. Other internal stakeholders are the managers and the company owners. The managers determine organization strategy and set operation strategies. Also, other than remaining accountable for set decisions, the bridge between the board of directors, shareholders, and the organization (Martin, 2017). The owners, on the other hand, have prominent shares in the firm. They have a role in the firm’s strategy and participate in the decision-making processes of the firm’s external and internal stakeholders.

Employees correspondingly are involved adhesively in the organization’s social corporate responsibility activities. Also, they focus on providing the best services vital for meeting the firm’s overall expectations (Sakawa & Watanabel, 2020). Employees in any given firm are stakeholders. They are responsible for not only responsible for creating and managing but also improving the various services provided on Facebook’s social media sites. Employees’ interest in the workplace determines the organization’s overall development and growth.

Investors

Investors in Facebook Company are efficiently categorized as vital stakeholders. Facebook Company gets its funds from its various investors (Martin, 2017). To reciprocate the latter, they provide its investors with positive working environments for present and future benefits.

Board of Directors

But also want you to do some analysis on yhe board of directors. Are they internal or external?

In Facebook Company, the Board of Directors serves also as internal stakeholders. The group financially invests in the firm and has overall interest to the firm’s success. Correspondingly, they have voting rights in the firm depending with the shares they own in the company. The board of directors for instance would vote in the company’s new acquisitions, key hiring position, liquidation, budget items and oversight the firm’s activities.

Dispersion of Ownership

Individual’s Name (Shareholder)	Stock Ownership	Type of Stock	Class of Share
Mark Zuckerberg	$54.3 billion	Common	Class B
Accel Partners and Jim Breyer	$11.4 billion	Common	Class A
Dustin Moskovitz	$7.6 billion	Cyclical	Class B
Yuri Milner and Digital Sky Technologies	$5.4 billion	Common	Class B
Eduardo Saverin	$5 billion	Preferred	Class B
Sean Parker	$4 billion	Preferred	Class A
Peter Thiel	$2.5 billion	Preferred	Class B
Microsoft	$1.3 billion	Common	Class B
Chris Hughes	$1 billion	Preferred	Class A
Li Ka-Shing	$ 800 Million	Common	Class A

Strategic Leadership and Governance Mechanisms

Strategic Leadership

Facebook Company uses a transactional, strategic leadership style. The Transactional leadership style was founded by Max Weber in 1947 and is an effective style commonly applied by supervisors and managers (Sanfilippo & Strandburg, 2021). The style other than focusing on the organization’s primary management processes further controls organizes, and creates long and short plans for the organization. In Facebook Company, the transactional leadership style has helped its supervisors and managers to ensure that organization members have identified the set outcomes and expectations. The leaders in the organization via the above-stated leadership structure also tend to measure individual performance and provide rewards as a strategy for motivation.

Facebook strategic leadership; transactional leadership style has affected its business success and overall value propositions. Its strategic leadership allows it to manage the value proposition of its customers and users (Ryan & Sfar-Gandoura, 2018). Also, through his leadership mechanism, Facebook Company’s CEO Mark Zuckerberg provides effective social networking services for its users. Besides that, Facebook’s applicable leadership model allows its users to access free social networking, and that it serves its target audience with the right services and products. Other than offering a fundamental and practical shift on how users would access information. Its primary leadership mechanism allows it to have a vital matrix called Ansoff to raise its market share and segment. Generally, as applicable in Facebook Company, strategic leadership will enable it to improve the long-term and day-to-day performances of the organization (Helmond et al., 2019). It generally creates an environment through which its employees are committed to set visions. Also, it ensures that its organization members are effective communicators; they are dedicated and would challenge their ideas and employees around them.

Generally, the transactional leadership style in Facebook Company has had an impactful outcome on its overall performance. A leadership strategy is built on clear punishment structures and rewards for employees’ various performances (Ryan & Sfar-Gandoura, 2018). It also focuses on organization members’ efficiency, results, and performances and active organization management. Facebook Company supervisors thus control and monitor tasks and activities. They set clear rules, instructions, and guidelines, and that in their leadership processes, the punishment and reward frameworks are effectively outlined. Transactional leadership style indeed has helped Facebook Company to achieve its short-term goals efficiently. Also, there is order and effective structure in its business cycles, which is beneficial to its set objectives and goals.

Governance Mechanisms

Facebook Company governance mechanisms include external and internal mechanisms. The above two mechanisms help Facebook Company set and meet the set strategic objectives and goals (Sanfilippo & Strandburg, 2021). It ensures it combines its guidelines, controls, and policies and satisfies the stakeholders’ needs.

Facebook Company’s internal mechanisms help it to set foremost control techniques vital for monitoring its activities and progress. It helps control its users’ page activities, and that via its internal mechanism, it tends to take corrective plans and actions (Ryan & Sfar-Gandoura, 2018). To maintain its interior control fabrics, Facebook Company uses its internal mechanism approach to serve the needs of the organization and its internal stakeholders, who include owners, managers, and employees. Besides that, the firm internal mechanism helps it understand its outlined objectives, outline clearly its performance measurement approaches and systems and other reporting systems. Among its central internal mechanisms are management oversight, board of directors’ structure based on their responsibility, independent internal audit policy development, and control segregation (Helmond et al., 2019). Oversight management internal mechanism helps Facebook Company management team commit clearly to deliver the most effective services based on the set objectives.

On the other hand, Facebook Company’s external mechanism incorporates governments, regulators, financial institutions, and trade unions that serve the firm’s entity objectives. Among the trade unions recognized in Facebook Company is Michigan’s Union, ensuring the firm meets the workers’ legislation needs (Sanfilippo & Strandburg, 2021). Michigan’s Union represents a counter-balance in the organization. Besides providing the workers are represented well in productivity deals, they reduce workplace inequality incidences via set policies and standards.

Ethical Framework

Facebook Inc., uses the virtue ethics framework. It is a form of character-oriented approach to morality assuming that individual acquires their virtues via practices (Garlington et al., 2021). As applicable in Facebook Company, the virtue ethics framework ensures that its employees remain honest, generous, just, and brave. Ancient Greeks and Aristotle invented the virtue ethics framework. The approach argues that by applauding the proper habits, individuals are likely, even during ethical challenges to make the right decision (Sytsma, 2020). In Facebook Company, virtue ethics helps its employees to understand what it means to be righteous throughout their performances.

Virtue ethics framework in Facebook Company allows it to focus on habit development promoting human happiness and excellence. Besides that, recognizing the employees’ rational behavior reminds them of being sensitive to their personal and social life dimensions (Sytsma, 2020). Racial behavior enables employees to have abstract principles, provide the firm with moral motivations (Garlington et al., 2021). The group also displays trustworthiness, respectfulness, and take responsibility for their designated tasks.

Ethical Policies and Practices

Ethical Practices

Ethical practices applied in Facebook Company are vast. Among its ethical practices is giving the people the voice to air out their stories and connect with their built programs and products. Also, they focus on building vast connections and understand its community as major stakeholders (Hallinan et al., 2020). They believe that the community shares the potentiality of helping its people connect adhesively. Their primary focus is also serving everyone and protecting their users’ privacy, and keeps them safe. Facebook Company is committed to safeguarding its communities from any harm. Besides that, Facebook Company practices are focused on connecting employees and community members with one another. Thus, in their overall focus, they ensure they embrace inclusion and diversity, remain respectful and kind, create a secure environment, be transparent and loyal and safeguard the company assets.

Facebook’s inclusion and diversity practices are focused on helping its team members boost their cognitive diversity (Ohman & Aggarwal, 2019). It ensures that their employees from vast experiences and background help one another grow and get empowered. Additionally, Facebook Company’s diversity practices confirm that it prohibits any form of discrimination. Thus, it ensures that individuals, regardless of their race, ethnicity, color, or national origins, are provided with a sense of belonging Ohman & Aggarwal, 2019). Indeed, Facebook Company’s ethical practices have helped its employees to treat everyone with accorded respect. Besides that, it helps the organization consider the perspectives and needs of others and focus on the set guidelines such as harassment, complaint, and respectful communication policies.

Ethical Policies

Facebook’s significant policies are fixed to its overall code of conduct. Its ethical policies thus require its employees to be respectful and kind. As noted on its website, its members are responsible for creating an inclusive and respectful community that allows its users to share their experiences (Hallinan et al., 2020). Their primary focus is treating the community with paramount respect regardless of their tenure, position, or employment status. Additional policy applicable in Facebook Company is creating a safer working environment. They promote the latter by following appropriate health, environmental, safety guidelines, laws, and policies. Also, the company members are expected to be transparent and loyal. Therefore, they prevent any form of interest conflicts and follow recognized guidelines in their area of operation. Besides that, its policies require the members to protect the firm’s confidential details. Facebook Company members mustn’t disclose or improperly share the firm’s confidential information (McClain, 2017). The members to understand the latter’s importance are expected to understand the firm’s policies and confidential information. Besides that, they are expected to comply with relevant details and agreements when connecting with third-party personnel.

Generally, Facebook Company’s ethical policies require its members to act in accordance with the set organization principles. Thus, they should follow the established procedures and requirements as indicated in the company policies and code. Also, in Facebook Company acting lawful means cooperating during the company investigation and never retaliating against individuals raising concerns in good faith (McClain, 2017). Also, Facebook Company ensures that its members follow the set policies to safeguard its assets. The members are thus expected to adhere to set guidelines. Respect its users and IP rights information and maintain the overall security of its provided personal devices and other technology equipment.

Analysis of Organization’s Ethical Approach

Facebook Company embodies a robust ethical approach fixed to normative theory. Its ethical systems focus entirely on the most effective practices regulating human conduct. The firm sees the concept of morality as a human norm (Newstead et al., 2018). Thus, there ethical approaches include the virtues approach of ethics and the human-centric design approach. The human-centric design approach focuses on users’ interests, which include forming profiles, creating new friends, and publicizing activities. Facebook’s operation hence extends to the principle of transparency and that the users developing new profiles must provide the accurate details of their birth dates. The primary focus in transparent principle as applied in its ethics approach is encouraging authenticity and providing the most age-effective access to various content.

Facebook Company’s human-centric ethical approach allows its shareholders and stakeholders to be the center of the set innovation, implementation, and design processes. The strategy applied since time-immemorial ensures Facebook’s activities are results orientated, measurable and iterative. Thus, their primary focus is ensuring they understand social media dynamic systems as it cuts across its stakeholders and ecosystem (Newstead et al., 2018). Working with stakeholders in Facebook Company allows it to create remedies and strategies that help it overcome social media networking challenges and create valuable and impactful opportunities to meet the firm’s set needs. The human-centric ethical approach in Facebook Company has allowed it generally to understand its shareholders’ and stakeholders’ needs holistically. When a company meets the needs of stakeholders, for instance boost their experiences, behaviors, and perspectives about Facebook Company (Sison et al., 2017). Also, it provides Facebook Company with a nuance understanding of their stakeholders’ needs and how they would design and improve their policies, programs, boost strategies to meet set expectations and actions.

On the other hand, Facebook Company Virtue’s approach of ethics has its set goals and nuanced objectives centered towards the development of its users. Therefore, the company staff ensures their ideas are based on thoughtful reflections of virtues (Tsoukas, 2018). To fulfill the principles of virtue approach of ethics, the organization members practice specific traits in their line of duty. They include fairness, integrity, generosity, prudence, and self-control. Ancient Greeks and Aristotle discovered the virtue ethics approach. It is a form of the character-oriented method, and thus Facebook Company workers in their line of duty ensure they are brave, honest, and generous. Profoundly their duties and principles are ordained to moral and honorable traits.

Ethics approaches in organizations help the firm members to adhere to specific ethical traits. Effective moral qualities in business help the organization prevent any legal challenges, create customer loyalty and help retain high-skilled employees (Tsoukas, 2018). Companies with high customer loyalty cases have a long-range organizational reputation and success. Enhancing the organization’s reputation helps create a positive picture in their respective marketplace. Other than getting new customers, the firm also gets referrals. Also, retaining high-skilled employees in the firm other than leading to their career advancement also impacts the organization. It increases the productivity, creativity, and innovation level of the firm. Besides that, the firm experiences a right in their profitability and thus more substantial growth.

Components of Social Corporate Responsibility Strategy in Facebook Inc

CSR refers to the responsibility amongst corporate firms to satisfy the needs of the stakeholders and take responsibility for their actions and business decisions. The major components of Facebook’s CSR strategy include philanthropic responsibility, human rights responsibility, and environmental sustainability.

As a philanthropic responsibility, Facebook is one platform that has promoted higher social equality by empowering the marginalized and the power to share the same platform with the noble class in society. Facebook has also addressed many problems that affect millions of people globally including poverty elevation efforts.

On human rights, Facebook has already embraced the fact that internet access is an essential right to citizens. The company plans to enable 5 billion people who have never accessed the internet to go online (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021). Apart from creating more Facebook users, this move would cater to a fundamental human right: access to information. Several governments, including Costa Rica, Finland, and Estonia, have embraced the strategy by taking a stance that all their citizens should have free access to the internet. The United Nations also urged the governments to ensure that the internet is an essential infrastructure just like roads.

The environment is a critical aspect that Facebook has invested in conserving through technological resources and funding. Facebook Inc. made an operative decision in 2010 when they announced to put up data centers and resign from their past practice of leasing their space for other service providers; a move that would help with environmental sustainability (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021).

The company has created visibility over its energy consumption. For instance, in 2012, Facebook Inc. shared on numbers of emissions that had been secretly kept for a long time because of competitive issues (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021). By disclosing the number of emissions, it became easier for them to identify reduction potentials, send a message of goodwill to the investors and work on their brand image. With this strategy, Facebook Inc. managed to reduce costs and take complete control of the activities that were happening, including reducing energy. In the years that followed, Facebook put up high-tech facilities worldwide. For example, the company has high-tech facilities in Lulea, Forest City, and Prineville. In 2016, the company announced its plan to build a green data center in Clonee, Ireland that would cost 200 million Euros (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021). By directing their centers in cool-climate locations, they can use fresh air from outside instead of using chillers. By 2015, 35% of Facebook’s energy consumption was from non-nuclear and non-fossil sources (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021).

Triple Bottom line Strategy at Facebook Inc.

Triple Bottom Line is a strategy that pushes companies to commit to environmental and social concerns as a top priority, just like they focus on profits. The theory holds that instead of just focusing on one bottom-line, profits, the business should focus on three bottom lines: people, planet, and prosperity (Munzel, Meyer-Waarden & Galan, 2018).

People

Facebook Inc. considers all the stakeholders such as the users, communities, employees, and individuals throughout the business’ supply chain when it comes to people. Facebook’s connection with corporate social responsibility is significant to this part of the triple bottom line theory. Facebook has many initiatives that it considers part of its corporate social responsibilities, including its commitment to advance human rights, equity, and inclusion, eradicating hunger and ending poverty (Biswas, Raj & Srivastava, 2018). Facebook Inc. promotes inclusivity, equity, gender equity for its workers, ensuring a safe and healthy working environment. Regarding the community, Facebook Inc. promotes community engagement and volunteerism. These CSR initiatives adopted by the company are essential for the stakeholders, but they are also crucial in improving the business’s brand image and improving business (Biswas, Raj & Srivastava, 2018).

Planet

Stakeholders are increasingly becoming aware of the impact that businesses have on the planet and the importance of global issues. Many people in the world are aware of climate change and the problems of global warming (Biswas, Raj & Srivastava, 2018). In the recent past, there has been a push on businesses to help in minimizing environmental impact. Big corporations have taken steps to create a regenerative impact on the planet. Climate change is an urgent environmental issue with significant impact in the world today. Climate change helps in tackling the challenge of global warming (Biswas, Raj & Srivastava, 2018). Facebook is committed to reduce emotions and water impact and protect the environment and workers in the supply chain. Apart from reducing environmental impact, Facebook leverages its core services to increase access to information on climate change and inspire action while partnering with other organizations to provide solutions that would create a better planet for everyone. Facebook does not have emissions in its global operations and plans to reach zero emissions in its supply chain by 2030 (Biswas, Raj & Srivastava, 2018).

Prosperity

Triple bottom line theory also focuses on the prosperity and profits that the business creates for itself and its stakeholders. Through Chan and Zuckerberg initiative, Facebook has used different strategies to elevate people from poverty and increase their economic empowerment (Biswas, Raj & Srivastava, 2018). CSR ensures that people can enjoy fulfilling and prosperous lives, including their technological and social progress. Facebook Inc. is a giant social network in the globe with more than 2.8 billion users (Chuang& Liao, 2021). Facebook Inc. is amongst the most popular social networking sites in the world founded by a tech innovator, Mark Zuckerberg. Besides his leadership and talent, Zuckerberg is globally known for using his business for charity. Together with his wife, they established the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative in 2015 (Chuang & Liao, 2021). This initiative focuses on education, science, economic opportunities, and justice. So far, the couple has donated 1.9 billion dollars to this initiative (Chuang & Liao, 2021).

Value of CSR Strategy for Facebook Inc

Businesses are expected to give back to the society that provides them the opportunity to be successful. Failure to give back to the community would harm the company’s reputation and brand image. Facebook Inc. has greatly benefited from its CSR strategies. CSR has enabled Facebook Inc. to engage customers and users. Building a rapport and creating relationships with the customers is one of the most critical factors in business, and making social responsibility helps the company in building this. CSR allows Facebook Inc. to engage its customers in new different ways (Goh et al., 2020). Because CSR is about creating a positive impact, it provides more straightforward ways of connecting with the users and customers. For example, many Facebook users are conscious of the planet and only want to engage with businesses that take environmental issues seriously (Goh et al., 2020). The environmental sustainability programs initiated by Facebook make it easy for customers who are environmentally conscious to connect with Facebook and have a positive relationship with it (Goh et al., 2020). Having a positive relationship with customers can do a business to have a potential increase in users and raising profits.

CSR strategies for Facebook Inc. have led to the improvement of brand perception. Social acceptability helps in strengthening a company’s image and brand. A company’s public perception is vital to the customers’ confidence in the company (Goh et al., 2020). By having a positive image through the CSR projects, Facebook can make a good name for itself. It would be recognized for its success in what they do and its acknowledgment of social responsibility. Facebook Inc. engages positively and actively with the users, and as such, their employees interact with new customers and indirectly market the company (Goh et al., 2020). Businesses that promote CSR projects actively can openly talk about these efforts through media platforms (Goh et al., 2020) Sharing with the public about a company’s CSR initiatives is a robust branding tool that helps build publicity for the business.

CSR projects help in supporting employee engagement. Facebook Inc., just like any other company, has employees performing better when they engage in CSR projects (Isil & Hernke, 2017). These programs have shown to be more effective economically when employees and team leaders engage in them. People hunting for jobs have also been shown to look for companies that have CSR ambitions. Since the best talents often look for companies with values in CSR programs, getting the best skills requires a company to be socially conscious of getting back to the community (Isil & Hernke, 2017). Facebook Inc has continued to attract outstanding talents because of its CSR projects.

CSR has enabled Facebook Inc. to promote its collaboration and innovation within its business. Employees tend to improve in innovation and teamwork when they engage in suitable social activities (Isil & Hernke, 2017). For example, through the Chan and Zuckerberg initiative, the employees have engaged in innovative ways to elevate poverty. Many skills have been developed when dealing with CSR projects (Isil & Hernke, 2017). The employees have learned about different skills, including leadership skills, communication skills, and many more, as they continue to gather local insights. The new skills can help improve business within the workforce and enable the company to enhance. With happy employees, the work would be of higher quality.

Type of Organizational structure of Facebook Incorporation

Facebook Inc. employs matrix organizational structure. This type of organizational structure helps in addressing the business needs especially innovation and creativity. The organizational structure combines elements of corporate- function teams and the divisional teams. The structure is employed in the following ways:

Corporate organizational structure

The corporate organizational structure of Facebook Inc. helps maintain the corporate teams to stay focused on their business role, which is handling operational activities throughout the organization’s structure (Karne, 2020). The structural feature depends on the different needs of the online media business. For instance, Facebook Inc. needs technology research to continue thriving in a highly dynamic virtual business (Karne, 2020).

Geographic Divisions

The regional division is a significant feature in Facebook Inc.’s organizational structure. The different geographical locations where Facebook operates determine this structural characteristic. Facebook utilizes these divisions because of the differences in social media networking and virtual advertising in different geographical locations. This organizational structure helps in addressing the behavioral differences in people using Facebook Inc products (Karne, 2020). For instance, the advertisers from Latin America often use Facebook services differently compared to the European and African advertisers. The human resource department across the different regions is also managed differently according to the regional corporate cultures.

Product-based Divisions

Product Based Divisions is another organizational structure used by Facebook Inc. This structure involves using global and corporate teams to deal with operations that handle specific company products. This corporate and global scope is an effect of the online and digital nature of the social media services the company provides (Isil & Hernke, 2017). Whereas most of the operations carried out by the company deals with social networking services, diversification and expansion of their products are also considered significantly. For instance, the business is finding ways of adding more product lines in the future. This would ensure that more product divisions and corporate structures are made. Such developments would affect the marketing mix of the company (Isil & Hernke, 2017). Marketing tactics and strategies are based on the management of the products.

Suitability of Matrix Organizational Structure of Facebook Inc

Increased Efficiency and Proper Utilization of Resources

One of the significant advantages of the matrix organizational structure in Facebook Inc. is increased efficiency and proper utilization of resources. The company always ensures that they have the right amount of work assigned to the right people at the right time under this organizational structure (Zeller, 2018). Consequently, the company makes maximum use of resources and prevents any wastage. For a multinational organization like Facebook Inc., the matrix structure ensures that the resources are well managed since specialized employees are readily available, different projects can be launched quickly, and tasks handled on time.

Establishment of Cross-Functional skills

A matrix organizational structure ensures that the employees having different sets of skills are mixed which provides a learning opportunity for the employees and enables different skills from many other workers (Davarpanah et al., 2019). This is an excellent advantage regarding the individual growth and development of the employees, which can be utilized later by the organization. With this kind of structure, the company can minimize the costs of projects as resources can be shared.

Flexibility

The matrix organizational structure allows Facebook Inc to be flexible when operating a global business. There are healthy relations across different organizational structures as they share helpful information about leadership from their various organizations, which can help in propelling the company higher (Zeller, 2018). This structure allows the leaders to address challenges arising from different departments, handle employees with much ease and increase the effective outcome from the employees.

Matrix organizational structure is the right type of organizational structure for Facebook Inc because of its multinational operations in the virtual media business (Zeller, 2018). The company’s flexibility is essential, enabling the company to respond efficiently to the market trends and changes. The matrix organizational structure also helps the company stay in control and focus on its operations in different parts of the world (Davarpanah et al., 2019). Further, the product-based divisions help in supporting innovations and creativity in developing more products. Matrix structure is the best for Facebook Inc. as it helps the company to respond to the large scale projects in its multinational business. The company’s projects require quick infusion of technological skills and proper processing of high volumes of information. Matrix model is the most suitable structure to deal with these heavy projects within the necessary time frame. Matrix organizational structure responds quickly to the interdisciplinary needs of the company without any disruptions to the functional structures of the organization.

The key issues from Facebook Incorporation as discussed in this document include its leadership and governance, ethical practices, the company’s corporate social responsibility and the organizational structure.

Facebook’s Strategic action plan

For this part, first introduced what is the key issue from each of the 4 topic areas (in the document)

Then, mainly focus on the strategic action required by the organization to address the issues identified in your discussion and analysis.

last, few sentences for the recommendations.

Regarding the leadership, Facebook Inc. utilizes hierarchical leadership structure. This structure has enabled the company to limit abuse of power and assign responsibilities depending on the skills and talents of the workers. Hierarchical leadership structure profoundly allows Facebook Inc., to set and give roles based on one’s skills (Terlizzi et al., 2017). Its rigidity is fixed to the fact that the firm is of high-regulated activities. A hierarchical leadership structure has helped Facebook Company set clear authority lines and understand the employees’ responsibilities and roles. Allows the company’s personnel to be responsible for their decisions and actions and that a culture of awareness and loyalty is cultivated among organizations, teams, and departments.

The transactional and strategic leadership style of the company helps it maintain business competitive advantage, increasing the accessibility and efficiency of the services it provides to its users. Facebook Inc. utilizes cost leadership as a competitive strategy over its competitors. This tact involves reducing the costs of conducting business. Cost reduction allows the company to minimize its prices competitively. The company provides its services to the international space and global market. This condition is realized through the nature of the business operated by the company (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021). For instance, Facebook uses computing technology to enhance the efficiency of networking in its platform. The virtual nature of the business enables the company to quickly reach out to users across the world, therefore, satisfying the competitive scope of the strategy they employ. The cost leadership strategy helps in achieving the strategic objective of expanding the user base of Facebook. Using this generic strategy, the company can satisfy its objectives by growing its membership which currently has more than 2 billion active users every month (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021). Experts have linked Facebook’s intensive growth to its cost leadership strategy. Facebook has managed to proliferate through an intensive strategy of market penetration. The goal of the intensive growth strategy is the maximization of the company’s market share. For instance, as one of Facebook’s strategic goals, the company maximizes its share in the current markets by putting up alliances with other companies dealing in telecommunications to increase the number of people who can use its services (She & Michelon, 2019). The intensive growth approach helps in supporting the cost leadership strategy by maximizing market reach using the available assets.

Key Issues

One key issue faced by Facebook is scale. With customers in more than 155 countries, it is not easy to manage the customers in all these countries and allow for freedom of speech for different countries with different regulation standards and cultures (She & Michelon, 2019). Facebook had more than 2.3 billion users across the world by 2019 (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021). Facebook Inc. faces a lot of challenges to navigate the many pictures, videos and posts on their daily business. Because of the scale, millions of posts go uncensored.

Another key issue is the failure of Facebook Inc. to manage privacy and trust of marketers. In the recent past, Facebook Inc. has been sharply criticized for mismanaging privacy and trust of the marketers. In one of the privacy mismanagements cases that Facebook had with Cambridge Analytica, Facebook ended up losing 41 billion dollars in market value since the investors backed off (Kaiser, Keller & Kleinen-von Königslöw, 2021). The state and Federal agencies have since investigated Facebook. Many companies stopped to advertise with Facebook.

Recommendations

Facebook Inc. should invest in artificial intelligence to help provide solution for the problem of uncensored posts, pictures, and videos. Facebook has already started conducting research on artificial intelligence from scratch. The artificial intelligence can already detect the terrorist content and pornographic posts. Even so, there is a big challenge of understanding the posts, pictures and videos from other languages and put the posts into contexts and get the real meaning behind the posts. This is the area that the Facebook should focus on. Facebook should enhance standards of business conduct to increase its growth. Nowadays, the competitive forces are in global businesses as they face different regulatory, social, and legal settings. Many multinational companies often attempt to ignore essential principles and standards of conduct to gain undue competitive advantage. These practices can question the reputation of the organizations. Facebook Inc. should develop internal programs and management systems and guidance that stress how they are committed to good corporate citizenship, good business, and good practices (Braccini & Margherita, 2019). Facebook should develop programs like certification services that contribute to the accumulation of expertise in the critical areas of their concern. The efforts would help in promoting social dialogue on what contributes to good conduct. The guidelines for such programs should include shared expectations for business conduct and the reward given to people who adhere to them.

Facebook Inc. should earn marketers’ trust. Facebook Inc made a move of purchasing Microsoft Atlas to bolster its advertising (Braccini & Margherita, 2019). The idea here is that if Facebook can measure the effectiveness of a campaign, then it would attract more advertisers. The more advertisers it gets, the higher the prices it would charge. Indeed, Facebook is an effective advertising channel.

Conclusion (required revision for the conclusion)

Facebook Inc. uses corporate social responsibility programs to address the interests of its stakeholders. From social justice to education and creating a healthy community, the Chan Zuckerberg initiative uses technology in the different focus areas of the initiative to impact lives. CSR strategies for Facebook Inc. have led to the improvement of brand perception. Social acceptability helps in strengthening a company’s image and brand. The organizational structure of Facebook Inc. can be described as a hybrid combining divisional and hierarchical organizational structures. Hybrid model is the right type of organizational structure for Facebook Inc because of its multinational operations in the virtual media business. Facebook uses computing technology to enhance the efficiency of networking in its platform. The virtual nature of the business enables the company to quickly reach out to users across the world, therefore, satisfying the competitive scope of the strategy they employ.

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Appendix

Facebook Board of Directors

No.	Board of Director’ Name	Professionalism
1	Catalina Botero-Marino	Attorney from Colombia
2	Jamal Greene	A Law Professor from Colombia
3	Michael McConnell	A Constitutional Law Professor in Stanford Law
4	Helle Thorning-Schmidt	A social Democrat and 1^st Denmark woman to be the Prime Minister
5	Afia Asantewaa Asare Kyei	Human Rights Advocate with dual citizenship from South Africa and Ghana
6	Evelyn Asward	Law Professor in Oklohoma University
7	Endy Bayuni	A journalist from Indonesia
8	Katherine Chen	Public Relations and Statistics Professor at National Chengchi Univeristy in Taiwan
9	Nighat Dad	An Internet Activist and Pakistan Lawyer
10	Suxanne Nossel	PEN America Chief Executive Officer
11	Tawakkol Karman	A journalist and Temeni human rights activist
12	Maina Kaai	A human rights activist and a lawyer from Kenya
13	Sudhir Krishnawamy	A civil right activist, constitution expert and India’s National Law School Vice Chabcellor
14	Ronaldo Lemos	Lawyer and an academic from Brazil
15	Julie Owono	Internet Sans Frontieres Executive Director and a lawyer.
16	Emi Palmor	Former Israel Ministry of Justice former Director-General
17	Alan Rusbridger	A journalist from British
18	Andras Sajor	A legal academic from Hungary
19	John Samples	Cato Institute Vice President
20	Nicolas Suzor	Australia’s Queensland University of Technology Associate Law Professor

Debunking the Myths of Global Poverty: A Critical Analysis of Vandana Shiva’s Argument on Economic Colonialism and the Path to Ending Poverty

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

In his book, “The End of Poverty,” Jeffrey Sachs argues that poverty, a form of original sin, has its eradication following the industrial revolution, which has left some underdeveloped and developing countries behind. Vandana Shiva, in his essay, “Two Myths That Keep the World Poor,” argues that poor individuals are not those left behind but rather robbed (Shiva, 1). Precisely, Shiva outlines that the wealth found in North America and Europe is based on grabbed riches from Latin America, Asia, and Africa. To convince his audience of his sentiments, Shiva uses cause and effect reasoning and examples of tragedy and suffering.

Since time immemorial, the rhetor, speaker, or the writer’s credibility remains an aspect the audience profoundly focuses on particularly. The issue of poverty, its origins, and solution remains vast, with most authors providing debates on the latter. To lure his audience, Shiva illustrates the various colonial activities such as slavery, which prompted poverty among developing and underdeveloped nations such as India (Shiva, 3). Correspondingly, he provides the two myths most prevailing in providing the origins of poverty. One of the myths is that nature destruction and individual’s capability to provide for themselves are the blame. Shiva instead argues that economic colonialism is to blame for prevailing poverty in Africa and other parts of the world and not the poor. The second myth he introduces is that it fails to contribute to economic growth if you consume your production. People, according to Shiva, are seen as poor for not consuming commercially globally agribusiness-distributed food. When readers learn about such sentiments as articulated in Shiva’s work are likely to understand some of the reasons why Africa, Asia, and Latin America are poorer as opposed to the rest of the citizens around the world. Also, they long for a better understanding of how to end poverty, which other than providing strategies to limit it further notes how to approach its mythological also particularly.

Via the provision of various illustrations conveying how Europe and North American colonists grabbed riches from Latin America, Asia, and Africa, Vandana Shiva helps the readers to cultivate some strong feelings of anger, shock, and sympathy. The reader, for example, feels sympathy for Latin America among other citizens of how they were robbed of their resources. In his work, Vandana Shiva also understands that various examples are vital in providing relatable and concrete points driving their messages home (Shiva, 1). For instance, in his essay, Shiva uses various actions that European and North American personnel used to rob Indians of their resources. For example, Shiva argues that in the Indian textile industry, they took over their spice trade and introduced slavery, which necessitated their displacement and property destruction, limiting their success to the industrial revolution (Shiva, 3). Shiva profoundly helps the reader grasp his argument and have an emotional reaction of anger towards Europeans and North American colonialists and sympathy towards Africans, Asians, and Latin Americans who were robbed. Shiva also helps the reader understand why the industrial revolution is paramount in North America and Europe through such acts. The two groups necessitated a violent takeover of the 3^rd world markets and resources, creating poverty.

“Two Myths That Keep the World Poor,” by Shiva, also uses logical considerations and ideas. Historically, there is various logic in understanding the end of poverty, the issues of poverty, and myths of poverty and, those are some of the reasons Shiva places into consideration. It is critical to eliminate the wealthy West’s myths that sustenance living is a symbol of low life quality (Shiva, 2). Shiva argues that every societal member must understand that quality lifestyles other than sustenance living are the major factors to consider to end poverty. Also, he provides logical reasoning that to limit incidences of poverty; every individual must have access to good water and food, robust cultural and social identity, and a sense of belonging in society. He notes, for human survival to be sufficient, individuals must have clean water, genetic diversity, and fertile soil (Shiva, 3). Consecutively, they should have access to the commons’ wealth. While focusing his examples on the Indian nation, Shiva indeed helps the audience understands how to bring poverty to an end. Furthermore, he notes that if the world’s richest countries and personnel wish to end poverty, they should end systems creating poverty.

In conclusion, authors in their respective writing must use cause and effect reasoning and examples of tragedy and suffering, among other elements, to help the audience understand their sentiments. Authors like Shiva, while discussing “the myths that keep the world poor,” as articulated in Jeffrey Sachs’s “The End of Poverty,” provides a vivid description of the major causes of poverty and how to end it. He grabs the audience’s feeling of sympathy and anger by understanding how the perception of western capitalist continues to cause poverty among underdeveloped and developing nations and how to create systems prompting its end.

Works Cited

Shiva, Vandana. “Two myths that keep the world poor.” Ode Magazine 2005 (2005): 1-3. https://doi.org/10.1007/springerreference_224467

Structured Literacy Classroom Observation Form

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Structured Literacy Classroom Observation Form

Video: ___________Screen Recording 2024 11 11 at 12 39 04 PM__________________ Grade Level :___Kindergarten__ Subject :_____Phonics Instructions, Spelling, and Reading Fluency___

Lesson Content:

Is the lesson aligned with structured literacy principles?

The lesson is aligned with structured literacy principles as highlighted by Such (2021), including phonics, spelling, and reading via various interactive exercises such as word blending, sound manipulation, and partner reading

Are phonological awareness, phonics, fluency, vocabulary, and comprehension skills integrated into the lesson?

Besides, the lesson integrates the application of phonetic patterns and sigh words coupled with hands-on activities, providing learners with a formidable foundation in literacy and comprehension skills.

Explicit Instruction:

Does the teacher provide clear explanations and demonstrations of literacy concepts?

Yes , she does.

How does the teacher explicitly teach phonemic awareness, phonics, and decoding skills?

Here, the teacher provides step-by-step explanations of spelling words and phonetic words, including the short ‘a’ in ‘animal’ and ling ‘I’ in ‘five,’ allowing students to understand spelling rules and pronunciation.

Multisensory Techniques:

Does the teacher incorporate multisensory activities (visual, auditory, kinesthetic) to reinforce literacy concepts?

Yes. The teacher asks students to tap fingers and slide hands to blend sounds and air write spelling words.

How are manipulatives, gestures, and visual aids used to support learning?

These techniques play an essential role in reinforcing phonetic awareness via the integration of auditory, visual, and kinesthetic learning.

Systematic Scope and Sequence:

Is there evidence of a structured scope and sequence for literacy instruction?

There is evidence of a structured scope and sequence for literacy instruction.

How does the lesson sequence build upon previously learned skills?

The teacher moves from phonetic awareness activities such as sound changes to blending tasks that are more complex like the identification of spelling patterns and reading aloud, ensuring learners build on previously taught skills in sequence that is structured and logical.

Differentiation:

How does the teacher differentiate instruction to meet the diverse needs of students?

Elements of differentiation in instructions has been noted, especially in areas such as partner reading and discussions where teachers engage students at their individual level.

Are there opportunities for individualized or small group instruction?

The teacher can further differentiate instructions by providing additional support to each student and addressing individual challenges for students with varying abilities.

Feedback and Correction:

How does the teacher provide feedback on students’ literacy skills?

By correcting pronunciation and reinforcing phonetic rules.

How are errors addressed, and what strategies are used for correction?

Upon mispronouncing a sound, the teacher guides the students by referring back to phonetic patterns, and this ensures students stay on track with their learning goals.

Engagement and Motivation:

How does the teacher maintain student engagement during literacy activities?

Through interactive activities such as think pair share discussions and partner reading.

Are there strategies to promote intrinsic motivation and a positive attitude towards literacy?

Yes, such as prompting learners to reflect on what they have learned while sharing their insights with peers, reinforcing collaborative learning.

Assessment:

How are students assessed for literacy skills?

Through observations when students engage in phonic activities and partner reading.

Are assessments aligned with structured literacy principles, and do they inform instruction?

They do because they contribute to gauging students’ understanding of spelling patterns, phonetic rules, and sight words, making it easier for the teacher to adapt instructions as needed (Such, 2021).

Classroom Environment:

Is the classroom environment conducive to structured literacy instruction?

It is conducive to structured literacy instructions as the teacher uses friendly greetings and mindfulness exercises, creating a sense of community.

How does the physical layout and organization support literacy learning?

The instructions are coupled with visual aids and physical materials such as books.

Overall Impression:

Provide an overall assessment of the effectiveness of structured literacy practices observed in the classroom.

Based on my observation, the lesson has been well-structured and it appears to be effective in the integration of phonics and literacy skills where the teacher combines explicit instructions and interactive learning.

Recommendations:

Suggestions for improvement or further development of structured literacy instruction based on observations.

Structured literacy instructions can be developed further by providing additional differentiation and targeted support to ensure that educators meet individual needs for learners.

Additional Comments:

The video incorporates interactive and engaging teaching techniques such as movement, repetition, and partner reading, supporting students learning and retention of phonetic concepts.

Reference

Carroll, T. (2024, November 11). Screen Recording 2024 11 11 at 12 39 04 PM.

YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ua6e72uFvsM&ab_channel=TyeshiaCarroll

Such, C. (2021). The Art and Science of Teaching Primary Reading. SAGE Publications, Ltd.

(UK). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781529769241

Module Activities (EDUC 540)

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Module Activities (EDUC 540)

Module 4- Fluency

Please complete the following activities in the order in that they appear. Use the resources posted on Brightspace (readings, instructor lectures, videos) to inform your responses

Reader Response:

Description: Reader Responses should be brief, but should be coherent, cogent, and compelling.

The purpose of these responses is to involve students in high-level thinking about course material.

You are expected to read the assigned materials and view course lectures to write a Reader

Responses. Each response should be between 250-300 words. Reader Responses must include

at least one in text citation and reference using APA format.

Application:

Description: Through application of learning you demonstrate and deepen your understanding

of newly acquired knowledge and skills from lectures, readings, and examples. The activities you

will complete for this assignment will be specific to what was presented in each module with

specific directions for each application activity.

Video Reflection:

Description: Writing reflectively involves critically analyzing an experience, recording how it has impacted you, and what you plan to do with your new knowledge. You will be presented with a video or videos based on course content and asked to reflect, respond, and possibly recommend on the content you have just viewed.

Sub Module 4.1 What is Fluency?

Reader Response

Respond to the following in 250-300 words:

Is fluency practice an aspect of reading that could be shared with parents/caregivers to occasionally be undertaken at home? What might be the advantages or disadvantages of this in your setting?

Fluency practice can be shared with parents or caregivers for home practice. This comes with a few benefits and drawbacks. In the context of advantages, when students are engaged in fluency practice at home, they are presented with additional opportunities for practice beyond regular classroom sessions. From a critical point of view, this collaboration between school and home plays an essential role in reinforcing reading skills in early literacy stages where repetition is needed in speed, accuracy, and expression improvement (Such, 2021).

In the same light, involving parents in fluency practice contributes to provision of individualized attention and guidance in a setting that is familiar to the students. This in turn helps boost their confidence. Besides, home practice is associated with extended learning time and providing learners with relaxed place where they can read aloud, and this helps in enhancing their comfort with oral reading. In addition, when parents participate in the education of their children, they perform better, which is reflected by positive academic outcomes.

Nonetheless, fluency practice at homes is not without its own setbacks. Agreeably, some parents lack the time, resources and skills needed to offer effective support in this area (Such, 2021). Subsequently, these deficiencies lead to inconsistencies in practice. Additionally, some parent might unconsciously foster incorrect habits due to lack of knowledge. Some examples of these habits include putting excessive emphasis on speed instead of accuracy or comprehension. This can be the case because parents may lack sufficient understanding of fluency basics, techniques, and how to match the with individual and unique needs of their children. Similarly, in a setting characterized by low levels of literacy among parents, fluency practice can be frustrating not only for parents, but also the child. This analysis suggests that although fluency practice has the potential of being advantageous at home, it is crucial for teachers to guide parents and provide them with necessary support to ensure that the practice is both beneficial and aligns with classroom learning objectives.

Sub Module 4.2 High-Frequency Words, Sight Words, and Heart Words

Application

Using this link High Frequency/Sight Word Books review 5-10 of the books listed that contain a large number of high frequency/sight words and post your suggestions to our class literacy Padlet https://padlet.com/josephshirvinski/high-frequency-sight-word-book-lists-educ-600-dpfermrt8lvfjhi3

If you would like to select books from another list or suggest books you have used in the classroom, you may do so. You are not to write a summary for each, just tell us the main reason why you selected these books and list your suggestions.

“Should I Share My Ice Cream?” By Mo Willems. I selected this book because it is an excellent choice for early readers. Just by reading it, one can see how the book is engaging and presents readers with a relatable storyline, capturing children’s attention. The book is also simple in nature and integrates repetitive text and dialogue between characters, fostering accessibility for younger readers that are practicing fluency.
“I See a Cat” by Paul Meisel. I really love this book because it uses repetitive text and sentences that are simple in nature, promoting fluency and confidence in reading among children. The book offers a familiar theme of animal observation, an approach that plays an essential role in helping children connect words to meaning.
“Jump” by David McPhail is another formidable choice for young readers. I chose this book because of its playful narrative and use of clear illustrations and visual cues. Agreeably, this approach to storytelling helps young readers in building rhythm, particularly while reading aloud. It also supports smooth, expressive readings, making it one of my favorite and a key suggestion to early readers.
“I See and See” by Ted Lewin. The rationale for choosing this book is that it is simple and uses illustrations that are engaging, a key factor that fosters observation skills and word recognition. The book also uses repetitive text structure such as “I see a…………..I see a……………..,” which promotes fluency and allows children to recognize patterns in sight words and high-frequency words.
“The Cat in the Hat” by Dr. Seuss. The reason behind choosing this book is that it is characterized by interesting rhymes, simple language, and relatable characters. This makes it an ideal choice for learners that are developing reading skills and phonemic awareness.

Sub Module 4.3 Strategies and Assessment

Reader Response

Respond to the following in 250-300 words:

Memorization of sight word and high frequency words has been a long-standing practice in many elementary reading classrooms. Rather than memorization, what are three strategies you can implement for students to learn sight words and high frequency words?

Memorization of sight word and high frequency words plays a crucial role in settings such as elementary reading classrooms. Nonetheless, the use of this technique can at times be unnecessary and debilitating, prompting the need of adopting other strategies such as the use of multisensory methods (Such, 2021). This could involve the integration of visual, auditory, and tactile approaches to increase engagement levels during sight words learning. To be more precise, the teacher can prompt learners to trace words in sand, use their fingers to write them in the air, or form letters with playdough. Agreeably, this has the potential of reinforcing words via different sensory channels, a critical part in making it easier for students to remember what they have learnt (Moats & Rosow, 2020). It can also facilitate creating connections between the physical movement and the word, all of which enhances connection.

In addition to multisensory techniques, sight words can be taught using word in context. In this case, rather than engaging learners to memorize words in isolation, educators can make students encounter words in contexts that are more meaningful, including when they are taking part in shared reading or when they are using simple sentences. Analytically, reading sight words in sentences and stories create room for learners to not only comprehend their meaning but also their use, and this contributes to the reinforcement of their recognition and grasping levels. An example of this is instructing learners to highlight or identify sight words as they read a short passage together.

The other strategy is the integration of games into sight word learning, making practice more enjoyable and interactive. Here, teachers can adopt games such as sight word bingo and flashcard races and instruct students to search for words around the classroom. This can make repetition fun. Students can also be prompted to match sight words with pictures, promoting repletion in a manner that is playful and subsequently reducing the monotony associated with memorization.

References

Moats, L. C., & Rosow, B. (2020). Speech to Print Workbook (3rd ed.). Paul H Brookes Publishing Co, Inc. https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781681253343

Such, C. (2021). The Art and Science of Teaching Primary Reading. SAGE Publications, Ltd. (UK). https://bookshelf.vitalsource.com/books/9781529769241

Which conceptual model presented in the textbook readings focuses on the physiological and genetic causes of emotional and behavioral disorders, and consists of interventions such as medication, diet, exercise, or surgery

November 16, 2024/in Uncategorized /by Brandon Doe

Question 1: The ultimate causes of EBD are almost always:

Answer:
Unknown
The exact causes of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders (EBD) are often unknown, and they are typically influenced by a combination of genetic, environmental, social, and psychological factors.

Question 2: Which conceptual model presented in the textbook readings focuses on the physiological and genetic causes of emotional and behavioral disorders, and consists of interventions such as medication, diet, exercise, or surgery?

Answer:
Biological Model
The Biological Model focuses on the physiological and genetic causes of emotional and behavioral disorders, using interventions such as medication, diet, exercise, or surgery.

Question 3: The Behavioral Model focuses on which of the following?

Answer:
Observable behaviors are influenced by environmental factors
The Behavioral Model emphasizes the importance of observable behaviors and how they are influenced by environmental factors like reinforcement and punishment, rather than internal psychological conflicts.

Question 4: According to the textbook, what general principles of effective teaching are introduced for addressing behavior? Check all choices below that apply.

Answer:

Educators should understand what factors may contribute to behaviors occurring.
Educators should set clear and consistent expectations for all students.
It is important for educators to clearly define and measure what challenging behaviors the student is demonstrating to inform instruction and intervention.
Educators should be direct.
Educators should serve as role models for managing their own responses through self-control and appropriate use of coping skills.
Educators should demonstrate cultural sensitivity.

These principles focus on understanding the factors contributing to behavior, setting expectations, clearly defining challenging behaviors, and ensuring educators model appropriate behavior and cultural sensitivity.

Question 5: True or false: All states, as well as schools and clinical settings, agree on and use the exact same definition and terminology for emotional disturbance.

Answer:
False
There is no universal agreement across all states, schools, or clinical settings on the exact definition and terminology for emotional disturbance. Definitions can vary by state and setting.

Question 6: True or false: Students with emotional or behavioral disorders typically demonstrate average or above average academic achievement.

Answer:
False
Students with emotional or behavioral disorders typically struggle with academic achievement due to their challenges with behavior, attention, and emotional regulation. Many students with EBD demonstrate lower academic achievement.

Question 7: When studying the social context of behavior, researchers examine the effects of:

Answer:
All of the above
Researchers examine the effects of modeling, punishment, and reinforcement when studying the social context of behavior. These are key components of social learning theory.

Question 8: Emotional or behavioral disorders tend to be identified in approximately _____ of the school-aged population:

Answer:
3-6%
It is estimated that emotional or behavioral disorders affect approximately 3-6% of the school-aged population.

Question 9: The IDEA federal definition of an Emotional Disturbance includes which of the following components:

Answer:
Both 2 and 3
The IDEA definition of Emotional Disturbance includes students who demonstrate at least one of five characteristics, such as an inability to learn or maintain relationships, and whose significant behavior has occurred over a long period of time.

Question 10: Why is it so difficult to obtain an accurate estimate of how many children truly have emotional and behavioral disorders?

Answer:
All of the above
It is difficult to obtain accurate estimates due to reluctance to identify or define disorders, concerns about over-identification or under-identification, and difficulty recognizing internalizing problems (e.g., anxiety, depression).

Second Primary Source Analysis Paper (35 points possible)

You MUST integrate primary sources in the Voices of Freedom pages (these sources are in the tinted pages of the textbook under the “Voices of freedom” heading). Please use at least 3 quotes, though it is fine to paraphrase if you need already have quoted material about the topic.

Introduction

Company Overview

Leadership and Governance Structure

Leadership Structure

Governance Structure

Stakeholders, Shareholders, and Ownership

External Stakeholders

Communities

Users

Advertisers

Governments

Competitors

Internal Stakeholders

Employees

Investors

Board of Directors

But also want you to do some analysis on yhe board of directors. Are they internal or external?

Dispersion of Ownership

Strategic Leadership and Governance Mechanisms

Strategic Leadership

Governance Mechanisms

Ethical Framework

Ethical Policies and Practices

Ethical Practices

Ethical Policies

Analysis of Organization’s Ethical Approach

Components of Social Corporate Responsibility Strategy in Facebook Inc

Triple Bottom line Strategy at Facebook Inc.

People

Planet

Prosperity

Value of CSR Strategy for Facebook Inc

Corporate organizational structure

Geographic Divisions

Product-based Divisions

Increased Efficiency and Proper Utilization of Resources

Establishment of Cross-Functional skills

Flexibility

Key Issues

Recommendations

Conclusion (required revision for the conclusion)

References

Appendix

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