Describe the steps to an ACL injury as demonstrated in this video on the model

 

Name: ____________________

Name 2: (optional) ____________________________

 

Jerick McKinnon ACL Tear Explained (graphic)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iw13-pIjPpY

  1. What leads to ACL injury?

ACL injuries usually occur as a result of the sudden stops, rapid alterations in direction, or improper landings from a jump. These movements put severe stress on the knee, which can lead to the ACL (anterior cruciate ligament) to tear.

  1. What is a pivot injury?

A pivotal injury happens when the knee turns or twists unnaturally while the foot remains planted. Such twisting movement can place a severe strain on the ACL and is commonly associated with the ACL tears.

  1. Describe the steps to an ACL injury as demonstrated in this video on the model:
    1. The model demonstrate that an ACL injury occurs when the knee experiences a twisting motion while the foot remains planted.
    2. The thigh twists inward, leading to severe strain on the ACL.
    3. As the body progresses to pivot, the ACL stretches and ultimately tears, causing instability in the knee.
  1. At the time this video was made (2018), tendon grafts were the only way to fix a torn ACL. What can you find online about how we fix torn ACL in 2022? Has the technology changed or is it the same

There has been evolution of ACL repair methods since 2018, with advancements such as biological augmentation and enhanced surgical procedures. In 2022, there was the introduction of methods such as synthetic grafts, stem cell therapies, and ligament preservation strategies. However, tendon grafts stand a common technique for ACL reconstruction.

  1. What is the difference between a fibrous, cartilaginous, and a synovial joint?
    • Fibrous joints: These are immobile joints where bones are connected through fibrous connective tissue, like sutures in the skull.
    • Cartilaginous joints: These joints permit limited movements and are connected through cartilage, such as the intervertebral discs.
    • Synovial joints: These are freely mobile joints, which features a synovial cavity filled with fluid, such as shoulder joints and the knee.
  2. How are the two kinds of cartilaginous joints different from one another? What are their names, what kind of cartilage do they contain, and what is their purpose?
    • Synchondroses: These joints comprises of hyaline cartilage, for instance the growth plates in long bones and permits for growth and slight movement.
    • Symphyses: These joints have fibrocartilage, such as the public symphysis, and are made to absorb shock and permit limited movement.
  1. Which two fibrous joints are found in the skull?
    • Gomphoses (teeth sockets) and Sutures and are examples of fibrous joints in the skull.
  2. Select any bone from the axial skeleton that has bony landmarks associated with it. Which bone did you pick? Include the name and a screencap. (This requires access to Visible Body for a screencap)

From the axial skeleton, I choose the sternum (breastbone) as the bone that have bony landmarks associated with it.

 

  1. Use Visible Body to describe THREE bony landmarks of that bone.

Here’s a breakdown of three significant sternum’s bony landmarks:

  1. Manubrium: The upper part of the sternum, that articulates with the clavicles and the first two ribs.
  2. Xiphoid Process: The small, pointed structure at the lower end of the sternum, which serves as an attachment point for several muscles of the abdomen.
  3. Body of Sternum: The long, flat middle section of the sternum, where ribs 3–7 attach via cartilage.
  1. Select any bone from the appendicular skeleton that has bony landmarks associated with it. Which bone did you pick? Include the name and a screencap. (This requires access to Visible Body for a screencap)

The selected bone is Pelvic (hip) girdle.

  1. Use Visible Body to describe THREE bony landmarks of that bone.

Here are some key bony landmarks in the Pelvic(hip) girdle:

  1. Iliac crest: The top ridge of the ilium, which one can feel when they place their hands on their hips.
  2. Anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS): A prominent bump on the front of the ilium, usually used as a reference point during anatomical measurements.
  3. Ischial tuberosity: The large, rounded bone at the bottom of the pelvis, often referred to as the “sit bones” because they bear weight when sitting.

 

 

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